International Conference
«Optical Techniques and Nano-Tools for Material and Life Sciences»
(OTN4MLS-2010) 

Technical Program

CONTENTS

Conference Schedule........................................................................................4
International Committees................................................................................5-6

Short Program of the Conference......................................................................7

Regular Sessions
June 16, Tuesday
Plenary session................................................................................................17
Section 1..........................................................................................................19

June 17, Wednesday
Plenary session................................................................................................27
Section 2..........................................................................................................28
Section 3..........................................................................................................31
Section 4..........................................................................................................34
Section 5..........................................................................................................39

June 18, Thursday
Section 6..........................................................................................................43

June 19, Friday
Section 7..........................................................................................................48

Poster Session.................................................................................................55

Key to authors..................................................................................................76

	
International Conference 
«Optical Techniques and Nano-Еools for Material and Life Sciences» 

ORGANIZED BY: 

National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (NASB)
Fraunhofer Society (FrG), Germany 
B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (IP NASB)
Fraunhofer Institute for Nondestructive Testing (IZFP), Saarbruecken/Dresden, Germany 
International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) 
Belarussian Fund of Fundamental Researches (BFFR)

We are grateful for the contribution
 to the success at this Conference:

SOLAR Laser Systems

	
Conference Schedule

	Plenary Sessions		

Tuesday,       June 16   09:15-11:15  Great Conference Hall of B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NASB
Wednesady,  June 17   09:00-09:40  Great Conference Hall of B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NASB	

				
	Regular sessions		Tuesday
June 16		Wednesday
June 17		Thursday
June 18		Friday
June 19		

Section 1. Characterization of physical and functional performance materials. 		Oral
11.40-18.35				
						
Section 2. On-line control of quality of products and fabrication processes. 			Oral
9.40-11.45			
						
Section 3. Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring. 			Oral
11.45-13.15			
						
Section 4. Tools for nanoimaging and nanocharacterization. 			Oral
14.30-18.10			
						
Section 5. Application of functionalized nanoparticles 			Oral
18.10-19.40			
						
Section 6. Physical simulation of sensors and control systems. 				Oral
16.00-18.15		
						
Section 7. Medical diagnostics and Point of Care Testing					Oral
9.00-13.10	
						
Exhibition			9.00-17.00			
						
Poster Session				Poster
16.00-19.00		
						
Accompanying event						
						
Special Session on International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) Projects			Oral
10.00-12.40			
						
Excursion				9.00-16.00		
						
Welcome Party		19.00				

4                                                                                        June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus
	
International ADVISORY COMMITTEE
CHAIR
А.N.Rubinov (Belarus)
MEMEBRES
V.А.Orlovich (Belarus)
V. Giurgiutiu (USA)
D. Inman (USA)
N. Takeda (Japan)
M.Scott (Australia)
М.S.Soskin (Ukraine)
B.Wilhelmi (Germany)
V.I.Aksenov (Russia)
W.Gudowski (Russia)
М.Kroening (Germany)
J.-.K. Krueger (Germany)
A.V. Rogachev (Belarus)
А. I. Belous (Belarus)
A.Forbes (South Africa)
Mohanna Al-Mohanna (Saudi Arabia)
M. Kujawinska (Poland)
Young Ho Kim (South Korea)
B. Culshaw (UK)
M. Kaschke (Germany)
V.S. Kamyshnikov (Belarus)
International ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
CHAIRS
N.S.Kazak (Belarus)
Ch.Boller (Germany)
VICE-CHAIRS
J.Schreiber (Germany) 
V.N.Belyi (Belarus)
SECRETARY
А.G.Smirnov (Belarus)
MEMBERS
V.V.Kabanov (Belarus)
S.N.Bagaev (Russia)
V.S.Pavelyev (Russia)
V.A.Lapina (Belarus)
I.V.Semchenko (Belarus)
G.S.Mityurich (Belarus)
V.Kotlyar (Russia)
U.Cho (Korea)
А.S.Kondratiev (Russia)
G.Salomon (Germany)
А.P.Shkadarevich (Belarus)
S.N.Cherenkevich (Belarus)
V.L.Vengrinovich (Belarus)
Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                         5
	
belarussian ORGANIZING committee
CHAIR
V.N.Belyi
VICE-CHAIR
S.N.Kurilkina
SECRETARY
А.G.Smirnov
MEMBERS
V. Yu. Plavskii ,N.I.Mukhurov, А.А.Ryzhevich, V.G.Gudelev, B.А.Bushuk, S.B.Bushuk, P.I.Ropot, О.E.Kunina, V.А.Adamenko, N.А. Khilo, А.G.Maschenko, R.Y.Vasilyev, 
S.E. Kozik, S.V.Solonevich, R.A.Vlasov, A.V.Gorelik, V.N.Yushkevich

SESSION PROGRAM COMMITTEES
Session 1. Characterization of physical and functional performance materials
Co-chairs: 	M.Kroening, QNET, Saarbrücken, Germany
J.Schreiber, Fraunhofer Institute for Non-destructive Testing, Germany 
Session 2. On-line control of quality of products and fabrication processes
Co-chairs: 	V.Belyi, B.I.Stepanov Insitute of Physics of NAS Belarus, Belarus
A.Smirnov, B.I.Stepanov Insitute of Physics of NAS Belarus, Belarus
Session 3. Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring
Co-chairs: 	Ch.Boller, Fraunhofer Institute of Non-Destructive Testing, Germany
V.Vengrinovich, Institute of Applied Physics, Minsk, Belarus
Session 4. Tools for nanoimaging and nanocharacterization
Co-chairs: 	B.Wilhelmi, CTB WILHELMI, Germany
S.Kurilkina, B.I.Stepanov Insitute of Physics of NAS Belarus, Belarus
Session 5. Application of functionalized nanoparticles
Co-chairs: 	N.Tarasenko, B.I.Stepanov Insitute of Physics of NAS Belarus, Belarus
V.Lapina, B.I.Stepanov Insitute of Physics of NAS Belarus, Belarus
Session 6. Physical simulation of sensors and control systems
Co-chairs: 	A. Tolstik, Belarusian State University, Belarus
N.Khilo, B.I.Stepanov Insitute of Physics of NAS Belarus, Belarus
Session 7. Medical diagnostics and Point of Care Testing
Co-chairs: 	A.Konstantinova, Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, RAS, Russia
B.Dzhagarov, B.I.Stepanov Insitute of Physics of NAS Belarus, Belarus
Special Session on International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) Projects
Co-chair: 	J. Malakhov, International Science and Technology Center, Russia
6                                                                            June 15-19, Minsk Belarus

SHORT PROGRAM OF THE CONFERENCE
15 June 2010
9.00-18.00 Arrival, Registration 
16.00-17.00 Excursion to the Museum of Ethnography and Folklore of Academy of Sciences of Belarus
17.00-19.00 Excursion along Minsk 
16 June 2010
9.00-9.15 Opening Ceremony
Plenary Session
(Great Conference Hall)
9.15-9.55 Structural health monitoring and the significance of optical technologies, Ch. Boller et al. (Germany)
9.55-10.35 Strategies for frontiers in cutting-edge technologies on medical devices, R. Funk (Germany)
10.35-11.15 Novel trends in optical service for nondestructive materials testing, N.Kazak, V. Belyi (Belarus)
Coffee break 11.15-11.40
Oral Session
Section 1. Characterization of physical and functional performance materials
(Great Conference Hall)
Invited 11.40-12.10 Trans-Interfacial polymerization and transport processes in epoxies and epoxy-alumina nanocomposites visualized by scanning brillouin microscopy, J. K. Krüger, R. Sanctuary, M. Philipp, U. Müller (Luxemburg)
Invited 12.10-12.40 Laser thermal wave and photoacoustic diagnostics of modern materials in initial and modified states, A.L. Glazov, K.L.Muratikov (Russia)
Invited 12.40-13.10 Cluster structure in nanodiamond water suspensions by small-angle neutron scattering, V.L.Aksenov, M.V.Avdeev, J.Schreiber (Russia/Germany)
Lunch 13.10-14.30
14.30-14.45 Coupling strength between optical polarisability and structural formation during the chemically induced gelation and vitrification of epoxies and epoxy-silica nanocomposites, M. Philipp, U.Müller, R. Sanctuary, J. K. Krüger (Luxemburg) 
Invited 14.45 -15.15. Non-contact hardness, porosity, stress and material damaged state evaluation by laser speckle photometry method, B. Bendjus, U. Cikalova, N.Khilo, J. Schreiber (Germany/Belarus) 

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                         7	
15.15-15.30 Optical characterization of planar periodically-poled structures created by electron-beam poling in Y-cut and X-cut LiNbO3 substrates and Zn:LiNbO3 waveguides, S. M. Shandarov, M. V. Borodin, L. Ya. Serebrennikov, D. O. Anisimov, A. Yu. Pechenkin, L. S. Kokhanchik, S. A. Kuznetsova, V. V. Kozik (Russia)
Coffee break 15.30 – 15.50
15.50-16.05 Application of evanescent Bessel light beams superposition for testing quality of surfaces and thin dielectric layers, S.N. Kurilkina, V.N. Belyi, N.S. Kazak, Turki S.M. Al-Saud, Soliman H.Al-Khowaiter, Muhanna K.Al-Muhanna (Belarus/Saudi Arabia)
Invited 16.05-16.35 Photoinduced metal deposition on the nanoscale: a self-assembly-based nanofabrication tool, T. Härtling (Germany)
16.35-16.50 Speckle-photometry method of measuring the coefficient of thermal diffusion, N.S.Kazak, N.A.Khilo, A.G.Maschenko, P.I.Ropot, M.I.Mukhurov, J.Schreiber (Belarus/Germany)
16.50-17.05 Imaging of infrared properties of technical and biological materials by dual-band active thermography, U. Netzelmann, M. Abuhamad (Germany) 
17.05-17.20 New liquid crystal alignment material for low temperature process, U.Mahilny, A. Stankevich, A. Muravsky, V. Agabekov (Belarus)
17.20-17.35 Stokes polarimetry of radiation scattered by thermo control coatings irradiated with quasi-Gaussian or Bessel laser beams, I.V.Voshchula, V.A.Dlugunovich, A.G.Mashchenko, O.V.Tsaryuk (Belarus)
17.35-17.50 LIBS application for a quality inspection of MgO based ceramics, V.I.Zhuravleva, E.A Ershov-Pavlov, A.A. Boiko, E.N. Poddenezhny (Belarus)
17.50-18.05 Characterization of randomly oriented SWNT films synthesized using CVD from ferrocene–alcohol solution, V.A. Labunov, B.G. Shulitski, Yu. P. Shaman, I. Komissarov, L.V. Tabulina, J. Fedotova, J. Kasiuk, A.I. Belous, V.A. Pilipenko, A.N.Pyatlitski, D.V. Zhigulin (Belarus). 
18.05-18.20 Electronic work function as a parameter for materials characterization and on-line surface monitoring, A. L. Zharin, A. K. Tyavlovsky (Belarus)
18.20-18.35 Filtering of surface scattering in the waveguide spectroscopy of thin films, P.J. Chudakouski, A.B.Sotsky, I.U. Primak (Belarus)
19.00 Welcome Party
17 June 2010
Plenary Session
(Great Conference Hall)
9.00-9.40 Imaging from micron to nanometer resolution – prospects of correlative microscopy, M. Edelmann, F. Stietz, U. Simon, B. Ohnesorge, M. Weber, M. Kaschke (Germany)

8                                                                          June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
Oral Session
Section 2. On-line control of quality of products and fabrication processes
(Great Conference Hall)
Invited 9.40-10.10 Temporal and spatial in-situ infrared visibility imaging of an invisible flame in a typical nanostructure–making low power laser pyrolysis facility, B.W. Mwakikunga, A. Forbes, E. Sideras-Haddad, L. Shikwambana, M. Govender, S.S. Nkosi, A. E. Mudau, N. Willers, K. Roro (South Africa)
10.10-10.25 Femtosecond laser scribing for fabrication of the CIGS-based thin-film solar cells, V.E. Kisel, N.V. Kuleshov, A.E. Gulevich, N.V. Kondratyuk (Belarus)
10.25-10.40 Optical and vibrational properties of tungsten oxide (WO3x) nanostructures synthesized by laser pyrolysis at controlled laser power and wavelength, M. Govender, L. Shikwambana, A. Forbes, B. W. Mwakikunga, E.Sideras-Haddad (South Africa)
Coffee break 10.40-11.00
11.00-11.15 Layer-by-layer laser spectrochemical control of availability, composition and thikness of fireproof coatings inside buildings, M.V. Belkov, V.S. Burakov, A.P.Denisevich, V.V. Kiris, S.N. Raikov, A.G. Yatsukovich (Belarus)
11.15-11.30 Determining surface curvature by the superposition of Bessel beams, R.Vasilyeu, A. Dudley, N. Khilo, P. Ropot, A. Forbes (Belarus/South Africa)
11.30-11.45 In-situ quality control of polycrystalline Si wafers and solar cells by polarization interferometry, V. Gudelev, J.Schreiber, A. Smirnov (Belarus/Germany)
Section 3. Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring
(Large Conference Hall)
Invited 11.45-12.15 NDT and its value for structural safety, G. Engl, M. Kröning, K.Reddy, J. Schreiber (Germany/India)
12.15-12.30 To the problem of nondestructive diagnostics of steel surface layers nano-structured by attrition, V. N. Busko, V. L. Vengrinovich, A.Dovgyallo, A.V.Makarov, E. Gorkunov, I. Malygina  (Belarus/Russia)
12.30-12.45 THz time-domain spectroscopic system, A. A. Gorodetsky, V.G.Bespalov, S. A. Kozlov, Y. V. Grachev, E. A. Makarov, E. A. Novoselov, N. V. Kondratyuk, Al.M.Belenkevich (Russia/Belarus)
12.45-13.00 The role of data inversion in non-destructive materials evaluation, V.L.Vengrinovich (Belarus)
13.00-13.15 Femtosecond Yb:KYW laser with harmonic generators, V.E.Kisel, N.V.Kuleshov, N.V. Kondratyuk, A.L. Protasenya (Belarus)
Lunch 13.15-14.30

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                         9	
Section 4. Tools for nanoimaging and nanocharacterization
(Great Conference Hall)
Invited 14.30-15.00 Laser action in nano resonators composed of scattering particles, B. Wilhelmi (Germany)
Invited 15.00-15.30 Metrology of polarization singularities in partially coherent vector fields, M. Soskin (Ukraine)
15.30-15.45 Modelling the sharp focus of a radially polarized light using a microaxicon, V. V. Kotlyar, S. S. Stafeev (Russia)
15.45-16.00 Small-Angle neutron scattering characterization of nano-polymeric surfactant. Nano-vesicles as potential for novel drug delivery systems, Muhanna K.Al-Muhanna (Saudi Arabia)
Coffee Break 16.00-16.25
16.25-16.40 Precision positioning of the probes in scanning apertureless near-field microscopy using independent laser confocal unit, I.V. Dushkin, E.V. Gorsky, K.E.Mochalov,V.V. Troshin, E.V.Sizova, A.V. Mezin, V.A. Oleinikov (Russia)
16.40-16.55 Secant gradient-index microlens for superresolution, V.V. Kotlyar, A.A. Kovalev, A.G. Nalimov (Russia)
16.55-17.10 Spatial light modulators and their properties for optical micromanipulation, M. Warber, T. Haist, S. Zwick, W. Osten (Germany) 
17.10-17.25 Application of two-photon polymerization for intraocular diffractive lens fabrication, V.P. Osipov, V.S. Pavelyev, D.G. Kachalov, B.N. Chichkov (Germany/Russia)
17.25-17.40 Combination of optical and probe microscopy for biological cells manipulation, E.S. Drozd, S.A. Chizhik (Belarus)
17.40-17.55 Optical scatterometry of non-periodic isolated lithographic structures, S.E. Kozik, A.G. Smirnov (Belarus)
17.55-18.10 Supramolecular structures in polydimethylsiloxane films for fabrication of micro and nano relief, B.O. Volodkin, V.S. Solvjev, A.V. Volkov (Russia)
Section 5. Application of functionalized nanoparticles
(Great Conference Hall)
18.10-18.25 Nanodiamonds application in biomedical optics, V.A. Lapina, J. Opitz (Germany/Belarus)
18.25-18.40 Development of corrosive resistant coatings for aluminum and aluminum alloys surface protection, V.A. Lapina, J.Schreiber (Belarus/Germany)
18.40-18.55 Quantification of N-telopeptides in urine samples using a gold nanoparticle based immunoassay, Min-Ho Lee, Sangdae Lee, Kyungsik Kim (Korea)
18.55-19.10 Biologically resorbable nanoscaled particles for optoacoustic molecular imaging, R. Lemor, Y. Kohl, W. Bost, M. Fournelle (Germany)

10                                                                        June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
19.10-19.25 Comparison of techniques of drug redistribution registration from nanosized carriers in biological systems, V.A. Reshetov, T.E.Zorina, M.-A.D’Hallewin, L. Bolotine, V.P. Zorin (Belarus/France)
19.25-19.40 Laser and plasma fabrication of nanoparticles for medical applications, V.S. Burakov, N.V. Tarasenko, A.V. Butsen, A.A. Nevar, M.I. Nedelko (Belarus)
17 June 2010
Special Session on International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) Projects 
(Room of Scientific Board)
10.00-10.15 ISTC Project B-1065 "Laboratory for optical diagnostics", B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, V.N. Belyi 
10.15-10.30 ISTC Project B-1252 "Ultrasonic laser photoacoustic detection of trace gases", B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, V.S.Starovoitov 
10.30-10.45 ISTC Project B-1776 "High-performance X-ray sensors", B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, M.I.Mukhurov 
10.45-11.00 ISTC Project B-1636 "Colon cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases cytoskeleton", Belorussian State Medical University, A. Portyanko 
11.00-11.15 ISTC Project B-1549 "Coatings with ultradisperse diamonds", B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics, V.A.Lapina 
11.15-11.30 ISTC Project B-1569 "Spectroscopic ellipsometry", B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, A.G.Smirnov 
Coffee Break 11.30-11.55
11.55-12.10 ISTC Project B-1628 "Optical multi-channel interferometer", B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics, V.G.Gudelev 
12.10-12.25 ISTC Project B-1397 "Lasers for medical technologies", B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, S.A.Batishche 
12.25-12.40 ISTC Project B-1063 "CIS lidar network for atmosphere monitoring", B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, A.P.Chaikovsky 
18 June 2010
9.00-16.00 Excursion to the cultural places of Belarus (Mir, Nesvizh) 
Oral Session
Section 6. Physical simulation of sensors and control systems
(Great Conference Hall)
16.00-16.15 Improvement in the quality of static image of object from video sequence, M. Tatur, D. Dovnar (Belarus)
16.15-16.30 Light beam control by liquid crystal interfaces, A.А. Komar, М.А.Kurochkina, Е.А. Melnikova, Yu.I. Miksyuk, А.L. Tolstik (Belarus)

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       11	
16.30-16.45 Effect of incoherent light on amplitude characteristic of adaptive holographic interferometer, S.M.Shandarov, A.A.Kolegov, L.A.Kabanova, S.S.Shmakov., Yu.F. Kargin (Russia)
16.45-17.00 Computer analysis of geometrical and movement parameters of biological cells by their microscopic imagery, V.M.Artemiev, L.L Kohan, S.A.Chizhik, E.S.Drozd, F.E.Dromashko, O. V. Kvitko, Ya.ISheiko, I.I.Koneva (Belarus)
17.00-17.15 Density functional theory based modeling of field evaporation, U.Yushkevich, G. Seifert, J. Schreiber (Belarus/Germany)
17.15-17.30 Application of a low-cost near-infrared laser diode for miniaturized photoacoustic gas sensing, A.L.Ulasevich, A.V.Gorelik, V.S.Starovoitov, N.S.Kazak (Blearus)
17.30-17.45 Electrodynamics of DNA and artificial DNA-like structures, I.Semchenko, S. Khakhomov, A. Balmakov (Belarus)
17.45-18.00 Thermooptical generation of sound waves in dense layers of carbon absorbing nanotubes, G.S.Mityurich, M.Aleksiejuk, G.V.Kulak, A.N.Serdyukov (Belarus/Poland)
18.00-18.15 Generation of ultrasound pulses by optic-acoustical method in solid state body for control systems, G.V. Kulak, V.G. Gudelev, A.G. Matveeva (Belarus)
18 June 2010
Poster Session
Secion 1. Characterization of physical and functional performance materials
1.1	Elliptic and astigmatic Bessel beams and profile-matched optical profilometry, N.A.Khilo, V.N.Belyi, P.A. Khilo, E.S.Petrova (Belarus)
1.2	The analysis of laser thermosplitting of materials by using of crescent shape beams, S. Shalupaev, Y. Nikitjuk, A. Sereda (Belarus)
1.3	Stable birefringence recording in benzaldehyde polymers by UV radiation, U.Mahilny, A.Stankevich, A.Trofimova (Belarus)
1.4	The analysis of the electrodynamic systems containing metamaterials, with use of average scattering matrixes, S. V. Maly, A. S. Rudnitski (Belarus)
1.5	The laser deposition peculiarities of composite polymer –ceramic coatings from an active gas phase, A.V. Rahachou, N.N. Fedosenko, M.A. Yarmolenka, D.L. Harbachou (Belarus)
1.6	KTP crystals for nonlinear applications in high power lasers, V. A. Krakovsky, A. A. Tick, L. Ya. Serebrennikov, S. M. Shandarov, A. V. Pugovkin, E.E.Popov (Russia)
1.7	Features of pulse laser processing of materials by ring beams, V.N.Myshkavets, A. V. Mаksimenka, P. S. Shapavalav (Belarus)
1.8	Non-linear optical structures in glasses creation by phase inhomogeneities formation and local crystallization under laser irradiation, V.N. Sigaev, S.V.Lotarev, N.V. Golubev, G.E. Malashkevich (Belarus) 
12                                                                         June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	

1.9	Identification of diamonds on Raman spectra, Ya.I. Didkovskii, M.N.Kovalenko, А.А. Minko, О.N. Poklonskaya , М.R. Posledovich (Belarus)
1.10	About the ability of the internal microstructure control of water-sand mixture in petroleum production systems, A. B. Gavrilovich, I. P. Shingaryov (Belarus)
1.11	Laser diagnostics and control over formation of the fractal structures, A.B.Gavrilovich (Belarus)
1.12	Characterization of low-impedance TiSix films for MOS-structures, P.J.Chudakovsky, I.V. Ivashkevich, A.V. Tomov, N.I. Staskov, N.A. Krekoten, A.N. Petlitsky, V.V.Kolos (Belarus)
1.13	New polymeric material for phase optical recording in spectral range 350 - 370 nm, U.Mahilny, D.Marmysh, A.Stankevich (Belarus)
1.14	Solution composition influence on the optical characteristics of liquid-containing composite materials, T. Pulko, P. Safrankov, N.Nasonova (Belarus)
1.15	Precise control of three-dimensional products, S.A. Koreniako, A.M. Leonov (Belarus)
1.16	Dynamics of light-induced absorption and photoconductivity in Bi12TiO20 crystals, M. G. Kisteneva, A. S. Akrestina, D.O. Sivun, R.V. Kiselev, S.M.Shandarov, S. V. Smirnov, A.L. Tolstik, I.N. Agishev, A. Stankevich, Yu. F. Kargin (Russia/Belarus)
1.17	In-situ and ex-situ monitoring of the growth of VO2+x phases by laser pyrolysis at controlled laser wavelength and power density, L. Shikwambana, M.Govender, A. Forbes, B. W. Mwakikunga, E. Sideras-Haddad, R. Erasmus (South Africa)
Section 2. On-line control of quality of products and fabrication processes
2.1	An improved method of nondispersive correlation spectroscopy for the total atmospheric sulphur dioxide column measurements, N. S. Miatselskaya, V.P.Kabashnikov (Belarus)
2.2	Mobile laser spectroanalyzer based on erbium glass laser, E. A. Ershov-Pavlov, K. Yu. Catsalap, G. I. Ryabcev, M. V. Bogdanovich (Belarus)
2.3	Laser spectrochemical monitoring of aerial pollution of green plantings by anti-ice accretion reagents, M.V. Belkov, V.S. Burakov, V.V. Kiris, I.A. Maksimova, S.N. Raikov, A.V.Sudnik (Belarus)
2.4	Photoacoustic detection of gases with the help of a distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser operated at 5.3 m, A.V.Gorelik, A.L.Ulasevich, M.O.Robov, V.A.Firago, V.S.Starovoitov (Belarus)
2.5	Transformation of Gaussian light beam into Bessel one for control systems, G.V. Kulak, A.E. Anisimova, P.I. Ropot (Belarus)
2.6	Methods for narrow hollow light beams formation, A.A. Ryzhevich, S.V.Solonevich (Belarus) 
2.7	Remote sensing of the Earth, S.A. Koreniako, A.M. Leonov (Belarus)

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       13	
Section 4. Tools for nanoimaging and nanocharacterization 
4.1	Structure of nanosize polymer sensor layers, A.V. Rahachou, A.I. Egorov (Belarus) 
4.2	A modeling of band structure and a formation of spontaneous polarized LB-clusters of carbon nanotubes, H.V. Krylova, B. G. Shulitsky, L.V. Baran (Belarus)
Section 5. Application of functionalized nanoparticles
5.1 	Antibacterial nanocomposite coatings on the basis of polymers formed from an active gas phase, A.V. Rahachou, D.V. Tapalski, A.A. Rogachev, M.A.Yarmolenka, D.L.Harbachou (Belarus)
5.2	Molecular architecture and optical properties of vacuum nanocomposite metalpolymer coatings on PTFE basis, A.V. Rahachou, A.A. Rogachev, M.A.Yarmolenka (Belarus)
5.3	Genetic effects of carbon nanoparticles in mouse and human cells, I.B. Mosse, P. M. Marozik, L. N. Kostrova, D. A. Ushakova (Belarus)
5.4	Multicolor compositions of cadmium selenium nanoparticles and dye molecules with β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, M.M. Asimov (Belarus)
5.5	Polarized and birefringent properties of polymeric films modified by silver nanoparticles, V. E. Agabekov, N. A. Ivanova, T. G. Kosmacheva, V.A.Dlugunovich, A. V. Tsaruk (Belarus)
Section 6. Physical simulation of sensors and control systems
6.1	Applicable data using for identification model development, M. Tatur, D.Adzinets, M. Lukashevich, S. Bairak (Belarus)
6.2	Transformation of topological structure of singular light beams by multiwave mixing in resonant media, O. G. Romanov, A. L. Tolstik, D. V. Gorbach (Belarus)
6.3	Amplitude modulation of radiation using two connected resonators, V.A.Pilipovich, А.I.Konoiko, A.I.Mitkovets (Belarus)
6.4	Laser beam apodization with biaxial crystal, A.A. Ryzhevich, S.V.Solonevich, N. S. Kazak, Turki S. M. Al-Saud, Soliman H. Al-Khowaiter, Muhanna K. Al-Muhanna (Belarus)
Section 7. Medical diagnostics and point of care testing
7.1 	Features of tissue probing by conic light beams, E.S. Petrova, L.I. Kramoreva (Belarus)
7.2	Intracellular Accumulation of chlorin e6 and chlorin e6 dimethylester by activated T- Lymphocytes, V.P. Savitski, M.А. Logatskaya, V.P. Zorin (Belarus)
7.3	Laser radiation influence on transport phenomena in a bio-tissue, A.A.Ryzhevich, S.V.Solonevich, T.A. Zheleznyakova (Belarus) 
7.4	Effect of He-Ne Laser Irradiation on Erythrocyte Membrane, G.I. Kurilo, J.V.Kruchenok, A.N. Sobchuk, N.A. Nemkovich (Belarus)
14                                                                         June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
7.5	Checking of sharing the absorption of light by blood in systems of the diagnostics ekstrakorporal type, А. B. Gavrilovich (Belarus)
7.6	Nanosensing based on LB-CNT-clusters to register a functioning of membrane-dependent biological reactions, A.I. Drapeza, H.V. Grushevskaya, V. V. Hrushevsky, I. V. Lipnevich, T. I. Orekhovskaya, B. G. Shulitsky, Yu.M.Sudnik, G. N. Semenkova, N. G. Krylova, T. A. Kulahava (Belarus)
7.7	Novel indolocarbazoles and oligophenylenevinylenes fluorescence probes, N.A. Nemkovich, H. Detert (Belarus/Germany)
7.8	Novel fluorescent probes with intramolecular single- and double- proton transfer for biomedical diagnostics, N.A. Nemkovich, G.I. Kurilo, J.V.Kruchenok, A.N. Sobchuk, V.G. Pivovarenko, A.N. Rubinov (Belarus/Ukraine)
7.9	Subnanosecond Spectrofluorimetry of New Indolocarbazole Probes in Solutions and Protein Complexes, J.V. Kruchenok, N.A. Nemkovich, A.N.Sobchuk, E.A. Chernyavskiі, V.M. Shkumatov, N. Wrobel (Belarus/Germany)
7.10	Visualization of eye structure under the condition of tissue scattering in optical coherence tomography, L.I. Kramoreva, Yu.I. Rozhko (Belarus) 
7.11	Investigation of structurally-functional properties of erythrocites by optical methods, E. K. Naumenko (Belarus). 
7.12	Time-lapse microscopy of living cells in vitro, O.V. Kvitko, I.I. Koneva, Y.I.Sheiko, S.V. Gloushen, N.A. Balashenko, A. S. Sapun, S. E. Dromashko (Belarus)
19 June 2010
Section 7. Medical diagnostics and Point of Care Testing
(Great Conference Hall)
Invited 9.00-9.30 Application of anatomical shape models to diagnosis and prediction, R. Schubert (Austria)
Invited 9.30-10.00 Application of OCT to dermatology, B. Shin, J.-S. Lee, T.Stautmeister, E. Koch, B. Fischer, J. Schreiber, T.-Y. Han (Germany)
10.00-10.15 Detection of cancer-cells in prostate tissue with time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, C.E.Gerich, J.Opitz, M.Toma, M.Sergon, S.Füssel O.M.Grimm, R.Nanke, J.Fehre, M.Wirth, G. Baretton, J.Schreiber (Germany)
10.15-10.30 Cholesterol crystals in human synovial fluid, A. F. Konstantinova, M.M.Zakharova, V. A. Nasonova , B. V. Nabatov (Russia)
10.30-10.45 An augmentation in osteoporotic bone quality through minimally invasive laser therapy, C.Y. Ko, D. Kang, D.H. Seo, Y. Ryu, B. Jung. H. S. Kim (Korea)
10.45-11.00 Finite element analysis for laser treatment of port wine stain, Y. G. Kim, T. W. Lee, K. W. Kwon, B. Jung, J. S. Nelson, H. S. Kim (Korea/USA) 
11.00-11.15 Evaluation of facial actinic keratosis using fluorescent images, Y.-J. Cho, Y. Bae, E.-H. Choi, B. Jung (Korea)
Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       15	
11.15-11.30 Optical cancer detection of different human tissues, A. N. Sobchuk, N.A.Nemkovich, A. K. Korolik, J. Schreiber, C. Gerich, G. Salomon (Belarus/Germany) 
Coffee break 11.30-11.55
11.55-12.10 Laser kinetic method for determination of the molecular oxygen affinity of human hemoglobin and polyhemoglobin, artificial blood substitute product, S.V.Lepeshkevich, B. M. Dzhagarov, R. A. Roziev, V.K. Podgorodnichenko (Belarus/Russia) 
12.10-12.25 Drug molecules localization in RNA modelling polynucleotides, yeast DNA and living cells, S. B. Bushuk, N. S. Kazak, B. A. Bushuk (Belarus)
12.25-12.40 Visual feedback in hybrid robot control for medical patch clamp applications, M. Szwedo, M. Petko, T. Uhl (Poland)
12.40-12.55 Optical diagnostics of the tumor tissue damage efficiency as a result of photochemotherapy, M. P. Samtsov, E. S. Voropay, D. G. Melnikau, L. S. Liashenka, K.N. Kapleusky (Belarus)
12.55-13.10 Laser - optical method of detection and elimination the local tissue hypoxia and its application in oncology, M.M. Asimov, R.M. Asimov, A.N. Rubinov (Belarus) 

13.10 Close of the Conference 

16                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus

June 16
Tuesday
	
Plenary Session
9.15-9.55
Structural Health Monitoring and the Significance of Optical Technologies 
Christian Boller et al. 
Fraunhofer Institute of Non-Destructive Testing Saarbrücken and Dresden/Germany Saarland University, Saarbrücken/Germany 
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a methodology for integrating sensors and possibly even actuators into or onto structures and materials such that a material’s and specifically structural assessment becomes an integral part of the material/structure itself. This assessment includes both loads and damage monitoring. Loads monitoring describes the operational conditions a structure is going through and allows for fatigue damage and hence operational life evaluation. Monitoring real loads compared to assumed design loads is an enhancement with the latter being state-of-the-art in structural design. Combining the loads monitored with a structure’s digital model allows the incident of damage initiation and propagation to be evaluated much more realistic in terms of damage’s incident and location. This may be further enhanced by increasing the number of sensors for loads monitoring by placing them in a structure’s locations being of high relevance and load sensitive. Traditionally loads monitoring sensors have been limited to electrical strain gauges only. This has limited the number and locations of sensors to be placed significantly mainly as a result of the amount for wiring required as well as the space and geometric curvature those sensors only allow to be placed. With optical sensing such as optical fibre Bragg grating sensors a new dimension in loads and damage monitoring has been provided that allows structures to be monitored with a similar amount at an increasing number of locations this has never been possible before. The presentation will provide examples of practical relevance in optical sensing SHM applications as various as from aviation and civil engineering and will hopefully elucidate the benefits those optical techniques will have on current and future structural assessment.
9.55-10.35
Strategies for frontiers in cutting-edge technologies on medical devices
Richard Funk
TU Dresden
In this overview we compile and discuss the published plethora of cell biological effects which are ascribed to electric fields (EF) and electromagnetic fields (EMF). In recent years, a change in paradigm took place concerning the endogenously produced static EF of cells and tissues. Here, modern molecular biology could link the action of ion transporters and ion channels to the ‘‘electric’’ action of cells and tissues. Also, sensing of these mainly EF could be demonstrated in studies of cell migration and wound healing. The triggers exerted by ion concentrations and concomitant electric field gradients have been traced along signalling cascades till gene expression changes in the nucleus. Here, many diagnostic tool and ways for therapy will be addressed. Furthermore, optical techniques will be presented and discussed which are used to characterize living organs, tissues and cells (diagnosis). Also the classification of signs (indicators) of cell stress with various methods and techniques (Raman spectroscopy, CARS, light spectroscopy etc.) will be addressed. Interestingly, we will also show (see also findings of the group of Karu, Wong Riley and others) that red or infrared light (e.g. by water filtered infrared A – wIRA) has a beneficial effect on cell cultures and even on retinal whole mounts. This could be also a model for related forms of therapy. 

Conference “OTN4MLS”                                                                                 17	

June 16
Tuesday
	
10.35-11.15
Novel trends in optical service for nondestructive materials testing
Nikolai Kazak, Vladimir Belyi
B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, NAS of Belarus
The latest achievements in the area of elaborating and application of novel optical methods for nondestructive testing and material characterization are discussed. A special attention is given to the application of quasi-nondiffracting light beams for: i) conical beam-based profilometry for characterization of cylindrical machinery parts; ii) Stokes polarimetry based on super-Gaussian and Bessel beams; iii) Bessel beam based interferometry; iv); quasi-nondiffracting speckle-photometry. Optical profilometers are developed which are intended for the control of quality of the inner and outer surfaces of different technical parts. Merits of the profilometers are: high operation speed; possibility of testing the rough surfaces; vibration resistance for one-arm profilometer; high accuracy of measurement of the deviation of the profile from the cylindrical one. A novel method of vibration-proof Bessel beam-based interferometry, which uses the superposition of two and more conical beams with optimized parameters and is intended for measuring the curvature of the surfaces, has been investigated. Properties of quasi-nondiffracting speckles which are promising for creating the vibro-stable optical devices intended for nondestructive testing, are studied.  Also the description is given of a new thermo-optical method for optical measurements of the thermo-mechanical coefficients and hardness of metal and alloys.
 - coffee break – 

18                                                   June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus

TUESDAY	
Oral Session
Topic 1. Characterization of physical and functional performance materials
Co-chairs: M. Kroening, QNET, Saarbrucken, Germany
J. Schreiber, Fraunhofer Institute for Non-destructive Testing, Germany
Invited 										11.40-12.10
Trans-Interfacial Polymerization and Transport Processes in Epoxies and Epoxy-Alumina Nanocomposites Visualized By Scanning Brillouin Microscopy
J. K. Krüger, R. Sanctuary, M. Philipp, U. Müller
Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Structural formation is investigated in network-forming reactive polymers by time- and space-resolved scanning Brillouin microscopy. Hypersonic properties are used to probe the subtle interplay between molecular transport, dissolution, polymerization and molecular disintegration phenomena in the vicinity of the interface between either the reactants of an epoxy or different polymerizing epoxies overlaid by the hardener. The trans-interfacial polymerization produces heterogeneous network structures of either gelatinous or glassy nature. Interestingly DETA can infiltrate these structures easily and epoxy network fragments can be transported over several millimeters by convective flow. The described features may be used to form interpenetrating networks during self-healing procedures. On the one hand the nanoparticles act as transport barriers, hindering the mixing of the reactive components; on the other hand they seem to have a catalytic influence on the epoxy polymerization under certain circumstances. Their transport against gravity is tentatively attributed to gradients in surface tension. 
Invited 										12.10-12.40
Laser thermal wave and photoacoustic diagnostics of modern materials in initial and modified states
A L Glazov, K L Muratikov
Physical-Technical Institute of RAS, St.Petersburg, Russia
Several thermal wave and photoacoustic (PA) techniques have been developed and applied by us for diagnostics and imaging of different materials ant their modifications under external impacts of different nature. The main experiments have been done in two directions. In the first, one high sensitivity of laser thermal wave techniques to ion implantation and irradiation by high energy particles of semiconductors was demonstrated. It was also demonstrated that these techniques are sensitive to the parameters of subsurface layers in multilayered semiconductor structures. Within the frame work of the second direction the main attention has been paid to the problem of residual stress detection in the near surface layer of solids of different nature. Experimental evidences on the possibility of residual stress detection and imaging by PA microscopy have been presented by us during the last years. The experimental results of PA detection of residual stress fields for Vickers indented ceramics and metals were demonstrated and analyzed. The theoretical model of the PA effect in stressed materials was also developed by us. It relates the influence of stresses on the PA signal with non-linear elastic and thermoelastic properties of materials. The results obtained by us in the field of PA microscopy were compared with the results of thermoelastic stress analysis.  This technique is actively developed at present for the same purpose. The comparison of scientific foundations of thermoelastic stress analysis and PA approaches to the problem of residual stress detection is made. Based on the obtained results the advantages of the PA microscopy over thermoelastic stress analysis are discussed. 
Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       19	
June 16	
Invited 										12.40-13.10
Cluster structure in nanodiamond water suspensions by small-angle neutron scattering
V.L.Aksenov1,2, M.V.Avdeev2, J.Schreiber3
1Russian Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
2Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
3Dresden branch of Fraunhofer-IZFP, Dresden, Germany
Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was used for obtaining structural information about fractal clusters in nanodiamond (size below 7 nm) water suspensions. Modifications of the suspensions obtained at different conditions with the concentration of about 0.1 w.% were studied. The found fractal dimension for all samples, D = 2.5, points to the common clusterization mechanism in these systems. Changes in the SANS curves with the contrast variation based on mixtures of light and heavy water in the solutions point strongly to a homogeneous structure of the clusters at the level above 10 nm. The analysis of the scattering intensity as a function of the D2O content gives the cluster match point, which corresponds to the volume fraction of 30% for graphene component in the clusters. From the known characteristic size of nanodiamonds one obtains the thickness of 0.5 nm for graphene shell around diamond crystallites.
- lunch -
14.30-14.45
Coupling strength between optical polarisability and structural formation during the chemically induced gelation and vitrification of epoxies and epoxy-silica nanocomposites
M. Philipp, U. Müller, R. Sanctuary, J. K. Krüger
Laboratory for condensed matter physics and advanced materials, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
The chemically induced gelation and glass transition are investigated during the isothermal polymerization of different epoxies. The refractive index turns out to be astonishingly sensitive to structural formation close to these macroscopically isostructural phase transitions. Indeed, the evolution of the refractive index is not only determined by the development of the mass density in the sense of the Lorentz-Lorenz relationship, but additional relevant contributions of the electronic polarisability at optical frequencies are evidenced. The gelation and vitrification seem to influence the optical polarisability in strongly different manners. Topological disturbances, like chemically inert nanoparticles will be shown to diminish the optical polarisability during gelation close to the sol-gel transition. High performance refractometry and infrared spectroscopy are combined as experimental techniques.

20                                                                        June  5-19, Minsk, Belarus

TUESADY	
Invited 										14.45-15.15
Non-Contact Hardness, Porosity, Stress and Material Damaged State Evaluation by Laser Speckle Photometry Method
B. Bendjus1, U. Cikalova1, N. Khilo2, J. Schreiber1
1Fraunhofer Institute for Non-destructive Testing, Branch Dresden, Dresden, Germany
2B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus 
A newly developed non-contact non-destructive testing method the Laser Speckle Photometry bases on detection and analysis of thermal or mechanical activated characteristically speckle dynamics and is suitable for elevated temperature measurements at metals, ceramics as well as plastic compacts and composite materials. Hardness or porosity of materials is defined by microstructural variation and is combined with several thermal properties of the material. Therefore by the using of the measurement equipment the Speckle Thermal Diffusivity parameter K was determined from the pixel intensity of speckle images changes during thermal activation using an analogy of the thermal conduction equation. Afterwards correlation between the absolute value of K and hardness as well as porosity, respectively was found. Using tension test calibration the stress differences on surface close area can be evaluated during material (component) operation by the K parameter, too. The determination of the material damaged state bases on understanding of structural changes on different scaling levels given by the physical mesomechanics. At the beginning of cyclic loading the translation-rotational processes start on the microscopic structure level. Then, increasing loading similar processes can be observed on higher structure levels like mesoscopic and macroscopic level. This hierarchical structure development leads to the hypothesis of a fractal nature of deformation structure and the Fractal Dimension DF is a suitable parameter to characterize the fatigued material state. This approach was confirmed for the damage state evaluation using surface topographies and Barkhausen noise signals. In dependence of increasing cyclic loading the derived parameter DF shows a universal step-like behavior with three plateaus. In the case of the laser speckle photometry method the fractal nature of the time dependent pixel intensity of the speckles images was analyzed. Results of this research will be presented in the present contribution.
15.15-15.30
Optical characterization of planar periodically-poled structures created by electron-beam poling in Y-cut and X-cut LiNbO3 substrates and Zn:LiNbO3 waveguides
S.M. Shandarov1, M.V. Borodin1, L.Ya. Serebrennikov1, D.O. Anisimov1, A.Yu. Pechenkin1, L.S. Kokhanchik2, S.A. Kuznetsova3, V.V. Kozik3
1State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia
2Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia
3Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
We report the results of optical characterization of planar periodically-poled structures (PPS) fabricated by a set of quasi-point e-beam irradiations on the congruent X-cut and Y-cut free LiNbO3 substrates as well as in the planar Zn-indiffused LiNbO3 waveguides formed on such substrates. The domain gratings with the spatial periods from 4.75 to 7.25 µm have been formed by a scanning electron microscope at 25 kV. We used the doses from 500 to 2000 µC/cm2 for different structures to estimate optimal fabrication conditions. The quality of planar domain gratings was estimated by linear and nonlinear optical characterization at the wavelengths of 526.5, 532, 633, 1053, and 1064 nm. We discovered the rounded boundary-shape of PPS for +Z direction instead of direct one by using a method of second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy. In Zn:LiNbO3 waveguides the linear scattering from TE waveguide modes into radiation ones as well as the different SHG processes at waveguide propagation of an infrared pump beam, which have been specified by planar domain gratings, were investigated. We observed Čerenkov generation of the second harmonic having TM polarization, quasi-phase matching (QPM) waveguide SHG for the TE modes, an interference of second-harmonic beams at a deviation from QPM-conditions, et al.
Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       21	

JUNE 16	
- coffee break -
15.50-16.05 
Application of evanescent Bessel light beams superposition for testing quality of surfaces and thin dielectric layers
S.N. Kurilkina1, V.N. Belyi1, N.S. Kazak1, Turki S.M.Al-Saud2, Soliman H.Al-Khowaiter2, Muhanna K.Al-Muhanna2
1B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2King Abdulaziz City for Sience and Techniology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Recently evanescent Bessel light beams (EBLBs), formed in condition of internal total reflection, attract attention of many investigators owing to their advantages in near-field applications, microscopy, and high-density data storage with subwavelength resolution. In this report a theory of forming a superposition of EBLBs into the structure containing two semi-infinite media, separated by a dielectric layer, has been developed. Analytical expressions have been obtained for the field forming into and out of the layer. Longitudinal and transversal energy fluxes densities, existing into the structure, have been found. Their dependence on refractive indices of media and polarization of incident BLB is established. 
It is shown that a superposition of EBLBs gives opportunity to probe quality of substrates surface with super high resolution (less than by using a single EBLB) and simultaneously keep the distance between high-index medium and testing substrate. Due to diffraction-free property of superposition of the EBLBs, it can keep the size of the probing field constant when the distance between the bottom surface of upper medium and the lower testing medium increases. The new optimized schemes of systems for testing quality of surfaces and thin dielectric layers are proposed which based on using collinear and anti-collinear evanescent Bessel light beams. 
Invited 										16.05-16.35 
Photoinduced metal deposition on the nanoscale: a self-assembly-based nanofabrication tool
Th. Härtling
Fraunhofer Institute for Non-Destructive Testing, Dresden, Germany
The fabrication of metallic nanostructures of tailored geometry and material is one of the central challenges of nanotechnology. Geometrical and material parameters are responsible for the optical (plasmonic), chemical (catalytic), or magnetic properties of such structures. Here a photochemical approach for the manipulation of single metal nanoparticles, particle dimers, and arrays of particles of different materials is presented. The optically induced and catalytically enhanced reduction of metal salt complexes in a solution is used to achieve a spatially selective metal deposition onto individually addressed targets. This photoinduced technique is the key to a broad range of applications in nanofabrication and nanospectroscopy some of which will be outlined in this contribution. As an example, we applied photochemical metal deposition for the tuning of single plasmonic nanoresonators. These resonators were then used to actively control the fluorescence spectrum of organic molecules. Furthermore, the manipulation of particle size in hexagonally ordered nanoparticle arrays will be presented. These arrays are excellent biocompatible substrates or etching masks for inorganic materials. Last but not least, the coating of magnetic FePt particles with an ultrathin gold shell is shown. We experimentally prove that such a coating leads to an enhanced long-term stability of the particle magnetization. 
22                                                                         June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus

TUESDAY	
16.35-16.50 
Speckle-photometry method of measuring the coefficient of thermal diffusion
N.S. Kazak1, N.A. Khilo1, A.G. Maschenko1, P.I. Ropot1, M.I. Mukhurov1, J. Schreiber2
1 B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2Fraunhofer Institute for Nondestructive Testing, Dresden, Germany
Quick development of hardware and mathematical tools for registration and processing of non-stationary optical fields gives the possibilities of developing new methods of optical measurements using such fields. One of the perspective directions here is measurement and analysis of thermo-optical phenomena in various materials used in industry. Modulation rate of optical signal caused by thermal excitations is relatively slow, in comparison with ones caused, for example, by acoustic field. That is why the thermo-optical signal can be registered by CCD matrix and analyzed in real time. Particularly, high-speed registration and analysis of non-stationary speckle-field, which accompany the distribution of thermal flow in optically transparent or non-transparent materials allows one to get information on 2D distribution of thermal deformations along the surface of a sample, and also to measure the coefficient of thermal diffusion (CTD). In the report the results are presented of development of optical method of CTD- measurement based on the analysis of thermal dynamics of speckle-images. For CTD measuring the local area of the surface of the investigated sample is heated in pulsed regime. The heating can be made by light radiation, induction method, electric current and so on. The spatial gradient of the temperature in the sample causes thermal flow accompanied with non-stationary movement of speckles directed in average along the flow. Theoretical calculation and analysis have been made of spatial-temporal dependence of speckle-field on the sample surface. The correspondence has been established of averaged speed of speckles and speed of the thermal flow. As the result, the equations have been obtained, which allow one to determine the CTD- value of homogeneous material when heating by point-like and linear source. Experimental investigations have been made of speckle-photometric method of CTD measurement. The volumetric metal samples and thin films of nanoporous Al2O3 have been investigated. Some typical features of the method are analyzed, including its accuracy, operation speed, resolution ability, advantages and limitations, and also the possibilities of practical use.
16.50-17.05 
Imaging of infrared properties of technical and biological materials by dual-band active thermography
U. Netzelmann, M. Abuhamad
Fraunhofer Institute for Nondestructive Testing IZFP, University, Campus E3 1, Saarbruecken, Germany
Spectral information in the thermal infrared region is extracted from materials by using a dual-band infrared camera working simultaneously in the 4.4-5.2 µm and in the 7.8-8.8 µm bands. By fusion of the images obtained with the camera, a part of the spectral content can be represented in colour images. Materials that are semi-transparent in the infrared region, in particular zirconia ceramic thermal barrier coatings on steel, are investigated by flash excited pulsed thermography. Zirconia coatings are important for the operation of high-temperature gas turbines in aircrafts and power plants. The experiments show that spectral features of the coating and surface regions appear shortly after excitation. This is known from transient infrared emission spectroscopy. After flash excitation, spectral band dependent cooling slopes are observed. For the pulsed domain, a theoretical model was set up to describe the thermal decay curves of infrared transparent coatings on opaque substrates. The thickness of infrared transparent coatings is accessible both by a pure radiation contrast and, at later times, by a conventional thermal diffusion contrast. The combined information may help to increase the reliability of thickness measurements, as it is known that the optical properties of ceramic coatings are changing during aging. First results using this technique on CFRP, wood and human skin will be shown.
Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                     23	

JUNE 16	
17.05-17.20 
New Liquid Crystal Alignment Material for Low Temperature Process
U.Mahilny1, A. Stankevich1, A. Muravsky2, V. Agabekov2
1Physical Department of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus 
2Institute of Chemistry of New Materials of NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus 
Baking of polyimide alignment layer before rubbing is one of the slowest and energy consuming process of liquid crystal display (LCD) fabrication. Usually it takes over 1 hour of oven baking at above 180°C to perform full imidization, which guarantees stability of the aligning properties. It consumes production tact time and limits application of the alignment layer on low temperature plastic substrates for low cost plastic LCDs. Our new alignment material of M-series allows new way of rubbing for liquid crystal alignment. Traditional slow high temperature baking is replaced by 60°C pre-bake, rubbing and fast photo crosslinking with non-polarized UV-B light, which smoothen surface roughness. Efficiently utilizing standard equipment for new low temperature process saves energy, reduces tact time and is suitable for plastic substrates. This paper introduces new LC alignment material, presents spectral data and AFM surface study, and demonstrates samples of liquid crystal cells on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic substrates.
17.20-17.35 
Stokes polarimetry of radiation scattered by thermo control coatings irradiated with quasi-Gaussian or Bessel laser beams 
I.V.Voshchula, V.A.Dlugunovich, A.G.Mashchenko, O.V.Tsaryuk
B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
The bidirectional reflectance of thermal control coatings (aluminum samples painted white, black and silver and phenolic plastic painted green and carbon-based fibre-reinforced composite material) illuminated with a quasi-Gaussian or Bessel beams of a 0.63 μm wavelength linear polarized He-Ne laser radiation and the degree of polarization of reflected radiation are investigated. We demonstrated that angular distribution of the bidirectional reflectance of partially transparent thermal control coatings with multiple volume scattering (aluminum samples painted white and phenolic plastic painted green) and the degree of polarization of reflected radiation are different for quasi-Gaussian or Bessel beams illumination.
17.35-17.50 
LIBS application for a quality inspection of MgO based ceramics
V.I. Zhuravleva1, E.A Ershov-Pavlov1, A.A. Boiko2, E.N. Poddenezhny2
1 B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, Minsk, Belarus,
2 P.O. Sukhoi Gomel State Technical University, Gomel, Belarus
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) has been considered as a technique for quality control of ceramic materials based on magnesium oxide at their production by liquid-phase sintering. The materials used in production of quantrons of solid-state lasers must have necessary mechanical, chemical and optical characteristics, which are changing at different technology steps of their preparation depending on environmental conditions, e.g., on sintering temperature and/or compression pressure. For the LIBS technique realization, an influence has been studied of density (porosity) of the materials prepared at different technology conditions (sintering temperature of 1000 – 1600 C and compression pressure of 5 – 40 t) on the resulting sample ablation, laser plume formation and resulting plasma emission spectra. It has been found, that intensity of spectral lines of the material chemical elements in emission spectra of the erosion plasma induced by 1.06 m double pulses of a Nd:YAG laser providing the sample surface irradiation of 1.7 1011 W/cm2 depends on the sample porosity in the density interval of 3.22 – 3.8 g/cm3. Also, the sample density (porosity) appears to noticeably influence the line spectral profiles due to their self-absorption. Using the spectra changes at different technological steps of a process of the MgO based material preparation one can determine changes in the material characteristics. The data obtained can serve as a base for a LIBS technique allowing a process control of the MgO based materials production by liquid-phase sintering. 
24                                                                         June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	

TUESDAY	
17.50-18.05
Characterization of randomly oriented SWNT films synthesized using CVD from ferrocene–alcohol solution
V.A. Labunov1, B.G. Shulitski1, Yu. P. Shaman1, I. Komissarov1, L.V. Tabulina1, J.Fedotova2, J. Kasiuk2, A.I. Belous3, V.A. Pilipenko3, A. N. Pyatlitski3, D.V. Zhigulin3
1Belarus State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, Minsk, Belarus
2National Centre for High Energy and Particle Physics, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
3Research & design center "Belmicrosystems", RPC "Integral", Minsk, Belarus
Flexible optoelectronic devices such as plastic solar cells, organic light emission diods, bendable displays require flexible transparent electrodes. High optical transparency of randomly oriented single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) in combinations with their high conductivity and high current capacity make them attractive candidate for such application. In this work we study the formation of film containing randomly oriented single walled carbon nanotubes from ferrocene-alcohol solution using chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The SWNT films were investigated by high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The G/D band intensity ratio of Raman spectrum was investigated as a function of film position and parameters of CVD process. The position with the highest G/D ratio was found in a cold zone outside the CVD reactor. Electron microscopy studies show besides the bundles of SWNT cluster like impurities. Local configuration of iron ions in the clusters was studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy. Results of our study can by used for developing of simple method of transparent electrode formation for flexible optoelectronic devices.  
18.05-18.20
Electronic work function as a parameter for materials characterization and on-line surface monitoring
A. L. Zharin, A. K. Tyavlovsky
Belarusian National Technical University, Minsk, Belarus
The Kelvin method of electronic work function (EWF) measurement of contact potential difference (CPD) technique is an excellent non-destructive monitoring technique. Lord Kelvin offered the CPD in 1898. The CPD technique was developed considerably parallel with quantum theory of solids and solid-state electronics. An analysis of published papers has shown that EWF measurements yield interesting results when conducting fundamental experiments with pure model surfaces. Results are not reliable for most of engineering surfaces.  It is explained that EWF measurements, in most cases, do not analyze the surface, but instead analyze surface’s artifacts. An extreme sensitivity of EWF to practically all surface perturbations is the drawback of the technique. From the other hand, our practice shows that using “black box” approach it is possible to get unique results. The best experiments with CPD technique should be registering EWF during a perturbation. In our case it is on-line EWF registration during mechanical or friction testing as well as surface mapping.  In the present paper, the techniques and applications of Kelvin-Zisman probe, non-vibrating probe and ionization probe are considered in application of surfaces mapping (potential relief visualization) and on-line friction surfaces monitoring.

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       25	

JUNE 16	
18.20-18.35
Filtering of surface scattering in the waveguide spectroscopy of thin films
P.J.Chudakouski 1, A.B.Sotsky 1, I.U.Primak 2
1Mogilev State University, Mogilev, Belarus
2Bielorussian-Russian University, Mogilev, Belarus
A method using an optical field expansion in local modes of a planar structure with perfectly matched layers is applied to compute the diffracted field in prism-film coupler with actual rough surfaces. On the base of the method it is developed an algorithm for treatment of the waveguide spectroscopy experimental data that permits light surface scattering and volume material absorption contributions to the measured modal attenuation coefficients to be separated. Next reconstruction of the thin film absorbance and other film parameters is made by the analysis of the waveguide dispersion equations.

26                                                                        June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
Wednsday
June 17
	
Plenary Session
9.00-9.40
Imaging from Micron to Nanometer Resolution – Prospects of Correlative Microscopy
M. Edelmann, F. Stietz, U. Simon, B. Ohnesorge, M. Weber, M. Kaschke
Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Germany 
Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy (CLEM) opens up completely new possibilities in materials analysis and life science applications. The method combines two basic microscopy platforms to allow the seamless transition from a micrometer to a nanometer scale on one sample. Furthermore, the presented technology ensures that the same region of interest is seen on both scales without compromising the strengths of the single dedicated microscopy systems. The sophisticated software considerably accelerates the workflow, allowing the user to link the functional and even dynamic information from the light microscope to the high-resolution morphology of the electron microscope images. This enables totally new information gain and new insights through the multimodal analysis of the registered images. The tremendous impact on routine industrial applications and leading-edge research topics is demonstrated on examples from particle analysis, including EDS mapping and cell biology, in particular, virology. An outlook for future developments envisions the method becoming a standard in microscopy, including three-dimensional correlation and multifunctional imaging. 

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       27	

Wednesday	
Oral Session
Topic 2 On-line control of quality of products and fabrication processes
Co-chairs: V. Belyi, B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
A.Smirnov, B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Invited 										9.40-10.10 
Temporal and spatial in-situ infrared visibility imaging of an invisible flame in a typical nanostructure–making low power laser pyrolysis facility
B. W. Mwakikunga1,2,3, A. Forbes1,5, E. Sideras-Haddad2,4, L. Shikwambana1,2, M. Govender1,2 S. S. Nkosi1,2, A. E. Mudau6, N. Willers6, K. Roro1
1CSIR National Laser Centre, Pretoria, South Africa
2DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials and School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesbur, South Africa
3Department of Physics, University of Malawi-The Polytechnic, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi
4iThemba LABS,, Jan Smuts & Empire Rd., Johannesburg, South Africa
5School of Physics, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
6CSIR Defence, Peace, Safety and Security, Pretoria, South Africa
Since the first report on synthesis of nano-wires of WO3 by the laser pyrolysis technique [Mwakikunga et al, Int. J. Nanoparticles 1, 185 (2008)], there has been a number of open questions including one regarding whether or not this process is indeed pyrolysis since by definition one needed to observe an apparition of a flame as most literature on laser pyrolysis indicates. However our laser power values (maximum of 50 W) were far too low, compared to ranges of 250 W to 500 W [Tenegal et al. (2001)] and in excess of 1 kW [Haggerty & Cannon (1986)] and other few authors who saw these flames in the visible region. With this low power, the plume at the interaction between the CO2 laser beam and the precursor aerosol has always been invisible in our case. Several infrared cameras were employed to image this plume with not much success. We report the first observation of such invisible flames on-line using infrared cameras which are sensitive in the 1-7m, 8-10m and 11-12m ranges. The nature of the flames, isolation of emission and scattering from such flames, temperature distribution profiles and on-line flame movies are presented and discussed. We also present preliminary results of the nano-particles of WO3, VO2 and FeSi deposited from such flames.
10.10-10.25
Femtosecond laser scribing for fabrication of the CIGS-based thin-film solar cells
V.E. Kisel1, N.V. Kuleshov1, A.E. Gulevich1, N.V. Kondratyuk 2
1Insitute for Optical Materials and Technologies, Belarussian National Technical University,
2Solar Laser Systems, Minsk, Belarus
The CIGS-based solar cells are one of the most promising frames in the photovoltaic. However mass production of solar cells is associated with a number of difficulties. The substrate of the thin-film solar cells (glass or ceramic) is coated with conducting and non-conducting layers which have to be structured during the fabrication without damaging of a lower layer. Existing mechanical scribing technologies can not provide essential stability and high quality of slice.  One of the alternative methods is using laser cutting systems for scribing. However, high melting temperature of molybdenum (bottom conductive layer) causes the damage of a substrate. The authors proposed to utilize a femtosecond laser scribing technology that allows precise and soft layer-by-layer processing of the thin-film solar cells. A diode-pumped Yb:KYW-based femtosecond laser was used in the experiments. The laser provides 150fs-pulses with an average output power of 1.5W at 1040nm. At a pulse repetition rate of 70MHz pulse peak power reaches up to 125kW. A second harmonic generator was build for semiconductor layers cutting. A 40m-width cut with good isolation between single cells without damage of the substrate was made using the femtosecond laser system. 
28                                                                         June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	

JUNE 17	
10.25-10.40
Optical and vibrational properties of tungsten oxide (WO3x) nanostructures synthesized by laser pyrolysis at controlled laser power and wavelength
M. Govender1, 2, L. Shikwambana1, 2, A. Forbes1, 3, B. W. Mwakikunga1, 2, E. Sideras-Haddad2
1 CSIR National Laser Centre, Pretoria, South Africa
2 School of Physics, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
3 School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
Tungsten oxides have attracted substantial interest in the past several decades owing to useful properties such as high structural flexibility, switchable optical properties, catalytic behavior and gas sensing with the drawback that in one synthesis many phases may appear. This work demonstrates a versatile method known as CO2-laser pyrolysis which is used to synthesize high purity tungsten oxide thin films and nanostructures from gaseous-phase precursors. By varying laser wavelength, stoichiometric WO3 is obtained only at  10.4 m after annealing the samples. The laser power values used here are extremely small as compared to the values used previously in the literature but were high enough to successfully synthesize WO3. We report on the effects of laser power density and wavelength on the optical and vibrational properties of the nano-WO3x phases using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The results will show how laser pyrolysis can be used to control the phase and particle size of tungsten oxides.
- coffee break -
11.00-11.15
Layer-by-layer laser spectrochemical control of availability, composition and thikness of fireproof coatings inside buildings
M.V. Belkov1, V.S. Burakov1, A.P. Denisevich2, V.V. Kiris1, S.N. Raikov1, A.G. Yatsukovich2
1Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
2Research Institute of Fire Security and Emergency Situations, Ministry of Emergency Situations of Republic of Belarus
Rapid control of availability, composition and thickness of fireproof coatings inside buildings is not a trivial problem. Such special coatings usually are layered and masked by different decorative and/or technological coatings. Therefore, for in situ inspection a non-destructive approach or a minimum damage of all layers is mandatory. Moreover, such inspection besides layer-by-layer requires comparatively large area measurements in a short time. Thus, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, a rapid elemental analysis technique, which is applicable in situ and is almost non-destructive, offers a potential alternative to other optical spectroscopic, mass spectrometric, or X-ray techniques. The laser instrumentation utilised in our work is maximally suitable for a routine practice and relies on the use of multichannel detection for recording the emission produced by focusing a laser pulse in atmospheric air on the surface of a sample under analysis. The fundamental (1.06 µm) harmonic of a compact nanosecond Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with a pulse duration of 6-8 ns is employed in our measurements. The laser pulse energy can be varied from 10 to 270 mJ. The spot diameter on the sample is 50–100 m. The proposed spectrometer has been successfully tested for the inspection of fireproof coatings on dielectric and metallic materials.

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       29	

WEDNSDAY	

11.15-11.30
Determining surface curvature by the superposition of Bessel beams
R. Vasilyeu1, A.Dudley2,3, N. Khilo1, P. Ropot1, A.Forbes2,3
1B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2CSIR National Laser Centre, Pretoria, South Africa.
3School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
In this paper an optical method for curvature radius measurement of real reflecting objects is presented. It has been shown that axial intensity of superposition of zero order Bessel light beams is a sensitive function of the curvature radius wave reflected from the object. In turn it allows one to determine curvature radius of the object just by making preliminary normalization measurements. The dependence of the method sensitivity versus a number of interfering Bessel beams has been also investigated. 

11.30-11.45
In-situ quality control of polycrystalline silicon wafers and solar cells by polarization interferometry
V.Gudelev 1, J. Schreiber2, A.Smirnov 1
1Institute of physics of NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2Fraunhofer Institut fur Zerstorungsfreie Prufverfahren, Dresden, Minsk
Feasibility of applying IR polarizing interferometry to a non-destructive detection of microcracks and residual stress in large-format thin polycrystalline Si wafers and solar cells have been verified. The technology is ultrafast, sensitive both in reflection and transmission measurement modes and, also, persistent to critical fab environment, thus being promising for in-situ production control in photovoltaics.

30                                                                         June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	

JUNE 17	
Topic 3 Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring
Co-chairs: Ch. Boller, Fraunhofer Institute for Non-destructive Testing, Germany
V.Vengrinovich, Institute of Applied Physics NAS Belarus, Belarus

Invited 										11.45-12.15 
NDT and its value for structural safety
G. Engl¹, M. Kröning², K. Reddy³, J. Schreiber4
 1iNDT, Erlangen, Germany
2QNET, Saarbrücken, Germany
3Lucid, Chennai, India
4 FhG-IzfP, Dresden, Germany
Nondestructive testing (NDT) is a set of techniques such as Ultrasound, Eddy Current, Optical Techniques, and X-ray applied:
To determine the quality and integrity of the system / components 
To monitor/ control manufacturing process
To assess residual life of components
To ensure safe and secure operation of infrastructure and assets 
NDT as an element of structural engineering, manufacturing and maintenance contributes to the safe and reliable operation of assets. New developments in key technologies like computing, microelectronics, automation, and sensor physics have inspired the development of more advanced inspection systems and enhanced the broader use of NDT. For e.g. advanced NDT systems would support the inspection of new high strength materials and of components with limited access. Further, new concepts in NDT such as risk informed inspections or NDT integrated asset management have become reasonably viable.
Current R&D efforts in NDT combine advanced measurement physics with latest state of robotics. This will support the objectives of NDT engineering such as compact sensor systems and front end microelectronics with full functionality. This would permit easy access and reduced number of scans. The paper highlights case studies to illustrate how NDT, and especially optical techniques can support structural safety assessments.
The paper covers also the emerging area of NDT data integration with Enterprise Asset Management (EAM) platforms. In our view the highest value of applying NDT will be provided by its integration into EAMs. This integration allows for the needed transparency for efficient and effective NDT in all stages of asset management. Inspection planning can be directed to existing risks, inspection history can be traced back easily, and results can be integrated in life cycle and maintenance management. Last not the least, NDT becomes well integrated into the management’s overall responsibility.

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       31	

WEDNDSAY	
12.15-12.30
To the problem of non destructive diagnostics of steel surface layers nano-structured by attrition
V. N. Busko1, V. L. Vengrinovich1, A.Dovgyallo1, A.V. Makarov2, E. Gorkunov2, I. Malygina2
1Institute of Applied Physics, Minsk, Belarus
2Institute of Engineering Science, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Besides of frictional and abrasive action the attrition of steel surface layers results in strengthening and increase of resistance to fatigue damage. The effect is reached by abrasive surface machining which yields the formation of super dispersed nanocrystal structure. The present study is the first step to develop the procedure for non destructive evaluation of surface quality after surface abrasion. It is aimed to establish experimentally the correlation between the metal structure at successive stages of abrasive machining and post machining heat treatment, from one hand, and the Barkhausen noise properties (BNP), from the other. 
In the high strength martensitic steels the increase in the level of mechanical abrasive wear in the range up to 0,5 mm yields surface hardening effect which is accompanied by an essential  growth of Barkhausen noise. It is concluded that:
a) Friction and further heat treatment of the medium carbon engineering steel subjected to dry friction yield the creation of a film with superfine microstructure and high hardness on a surface of a specimen. It is shown that the effect of strengthening and increase in resistance to fatigue.
b) This is resulted in strong growth of Barkhausen noise parameter after abrasive wear and further decrease after heat treatment. In the specimens made from spring and tool steels the correlation between Barkhausen noise level and the level of dry abrasive wear by the counter agents from copper and ceramics is observed, the Barkhausen noise parameter growth reaches several times. 
c) In the specimens made from spring and tool steels the correlation between Barkhausen noise level and the level of dry abrasive wear by the counter agents from copper and ceramics is observed, the Barkhausen noise parameter growth reaches several times. 
d) The results give the background to create the non destructive technique to evaluate the strengthening parameters after friction and abrasive wear of engineering steels.
12.30-12.45
THz time-domain spectroscopic system
A. A. Gorodetsky1, V. G. Bespalov1, S. A. Kozlov1, Ya. V. Grachev1, E. A. Makarov1, E.A.Novoselov1
Niklolay V. Kondratyuk2, Alexander M. Belenkevich2
1St. Petersburg State University of Information Technology, Mechanics and Optics, Russia;
2SOLAR Laser Systems, Minsk, Belarus
In this paper, we present description of our setup for time-domain terahertz spectroscopy (THz-TDS). System involves Solar FL-1 femtosecond laser, InAs crystal in constant magnet field as a generator and CdTe electro-optic crystal as a detector. The system allows rapid THz-TDS measurement with spectral limits between 0.1 and 2 THz with resolution of 50 GHz and S/N ratio of 105.

32                                                                             June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	

JUNE 17	
12.45-13.00
The role of data inversion in non-destructive materials evaluation
V. L. Vengrinovich
 Institute of Applied Physics, Minsk, Belarus
>From the information point of view the materials nondestructive evaluation (NDE) is based on measurements which are commonly indirect (the materials properties are never measured directly), measured data are incomplete (regarding the restoration of material properties or defects structure) and noisy, while a model of NDE process is uncertain. These features turn the material’s properties prediction from simple correlation estimate into a smart procedure of measured data mathematical inversion with finite probability. The present article is aimed to use Bayesian methodology and Bayesian restoration method like a procedure targeted to reach the maximum probability and to find the solution which satisfies to this maximum. The similarity with human organs of sense is considered as an impressive example.
Along with mathematical problem formulation of the Bayesian posterior probability calculation the report contains the description of all steps of NDE inverse problem solution including prior information and iterative procedure. Two examples of materials properties NDE are considered in details: a) new approach to microstructure and bi-axial stress NDE in steels by Barkhausen noise measurement results and b) tomographic materials density distribution estimate from x-ray experimental data. 
It is shown that Bayesian methodology for unknown material properties and defects restoration is the optimal way for the processing of NDE data, which are commonly incomplete and noisy while the process model is fuzzy. This approach is also available as an optimal technique for the fusion of data acquired by similar or dissimilar NDE sensors. The formalized procedure for the implementation of the optimal Information Processing Rule to practical problems is approved.
13.00-13.15
Femtosecond Yb:KYW laser with harmonic generators 
V.E.Kisel1, N.V. Kuleshov1, N.V. Kondratyuk2, A.L. Protasenya2
1 Institute for optical materials and Technologies, Belarus National Technical University;
2 SOLAR Laser Systems, Belarus
115-fs-duration soliton spectral-limited pulses were demonstrated from the efficient SESAM mode-locked diode-pumped Yb:KYW laser with chirped mirrors used for group velocity dispersion compensation. The average output power as high as 1.5W was obtained at 1040 nm. The pulse repetition rate of about 70MHz results in the pulse peak power of 164 kW.
The second and third harmonic generators with output power 300mW at 520nm and 100mW at 346,6nm have been designed.
- lunch - 

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                     33	

WEDNSDAY	
Topic 4.Tools for nanoimaging and nanocharacterization
Co-chairs: B. Wilhelmi, CTB WILHELMI, Germany
S. Kurilkina, B.I.Stepanov Insitute of Physics, Belarus
Invited 										14.30-15.00 
Laser Action in Nano Resonators Composed of Scattering Particles 
B. Wilhelmi
CTB WILHELMI, Jena, Germany
The generation of coherent or partially coherent radiation in nano structures has gained increasing attention for various scientific and applicative reasons: on-chip data transfer, measurement with sub-wavelength resolution, enhancement or suppression of spontaneous emission, strong or weak localization of light, generation of radiation with specific spectral and spatial features. Additionally, macroscopic lasers with specific features can be composed by coupling some or many such nano lasers in well-ordered or random arrangements. Such lasers have been applied in detection and localization of marked persons and objects (e.g., in rescue and military operations), measuring procedures and medical diagnostics (e.g., discrimination of tumor and healthy tissue).
Most theoretical approaches don’t start from these individual nano lasers, but from ensembles of randomly distributed scattering particles. To master the high complexity, they make use of other simplifying conditions. Mostly cw pumping or even total stationarity have been assumed in deviation from typical applications.
We focus on the behavior of single nano sources, where we restrict to lasers the resonators of which are composed of scattering Mie particles distributed in gain media. Here single and multimode operation high above threshold will be considered where the influence of mode selection by gain depletion in conjunction with feedback from Mie resonator and spatial hole burning as well as relaxation oscillation and spiking are taken into account.
Finally we discuss start-up processes in ensembles composed of some or many such nano lasers pumped by short excitation pulses.

Invited 										15.00-15.30 
Metrology of polarization singularities in partially coherent vector fields
M. Soskin
Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Universal Stokes-polarimetric technique for detecting singularities in partially coherent vector (inhomogeneously polarized) light fields is represented. We show that in general case of the combined beams partially coherent in space and in time, side by side with common polarization singularities intrinsic to completely coherent fields, such as C points and L lines, unconventional singularities of the degree of polarization exists, such as isolated P points, where a field is completely polarized, and U lines, along which a field is completely unpolarized. (Such new polarization singularities were recently revealed by us and firstly reported in [JETP Lett 88 (2008) 418-422; J. Opt. A: Pure and Appl. Opt. 11 (2009) 094010]. In part, we show in what a manner the set of measurements needed for finding out the Stokes parameters leads to reconstruction of the vector skeleton of partially coherence and partially polarized combined beams providing reconstruction spatial distributions both ellipsometric parameters of a field and the polarization degree. Moreover, it is shown experimentally at some instructive examples that the same set of polarization measurements can be used for determining the degree of mutual coherence of the components constituting the combined beams. Some promising applications of the proposed technique in secure data transmission are discussed. 
34                                                                         June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus
	
JUNE 17	
15.30-15.45
Modelling the sharp focus of a radially polarized light using a microaxicon
V. V. Kotlyar, S. S. Stafeev
Department of Laser Measurement, Image Processing Systems Institute of the RAS, Samara, Russian Federation
Based on the radial FDTD method we numerical show that the illumination of a conical glass microaxicon of base radius 7 µm and height 6 µm by a radially polarized annular R-TEM01 laser mode of wavelength λ =1 µm produces, 20-nm apart from the cone apex, a sharp focus of transverse diameter FWHM=0.30λ and longitudinal (axial) diameter   FWHMz=0.12λ.  The focal spot area at half-maximum intensity is HMA=0.071λ2. For comparison, note that the focus diameter reported here is 1.7 times smaller than the diameter of the minimal diffraction spot (Airy disk) of FWHM=0.51λ, with its area being 2.87 times smaller than that of the Airy disk HMA=0.204λ2.
15.45-16.00
Small-Angle neutron scattering characterization of nano-polymeric surfactant Nano-vesicles as potential for novel drug delivery systems
Muhanna K. Al-Muhanna
National Nanotechnology Center, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
The aim of the present study was to employ various physico-chemical techniques to characterise and gain a clear understanding of the ability of in-house synthesised lipid-like polyvinylpyrrolidone surfactants 2C12glyVP25, 2C16glyVP33 and 2C18glyVP50 by incorporation with 50 mol% and 66.7 mol% cholesterol to form vesicles “niosomes”. The change in aggregate size with duration of probe sonication was assessed using light scattering, as was vesicle stability over time. Freeze fracture electron microscopy studies confirmed the presence of vesicles when 2C12glyVP25, 2C16glyVP33 and 2C18glyVP50 were dispersed in water and buffer solutions. Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies also confirmed the presence or otherwise of vesicles and, in the case of vesicle formation, allowed quantification of the thickness of the vesicle bilayers. The effect on vesicle formation of 0.9M sodium chloride was also established by SANS. The dye entrapment and electron microscopy studies confirmed the results of the light scattering and SANS studies. The stability of the aggregates to incubation for 24 hours with human blood plasma at 298 and 310 K was assessed by monitoring the release of any entrapped CF.  The results indicated that the best encapsulation efficiencies, shelf-life stability, and CF retention against human blood plasma HBP, were achieved using vesicles prepared from the lipid-like, vinylpyrrolidone surfactants incorporation with cholesterol. Thus, these vesicles can be the most promising candidates as drug delivery vehicles.  Further investigations particularly in vivo are required to establish their ability and efficiency for as drugs delivery tools. 
- coffee break – 

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       35
	
WEDNSDAY	
16.25-16.40
Precision positioning of the probes in scanning apertureless near-field microscopy using independent laser confocal unit
I.V. Dushkin1,2, E.V. Gorsky1,3, K.E. Mochalov1,2,V.V. Troshin1, E.V.Sizova2, A.V. Mezin1,2, V.A. Oleinikov2
1Nano Scan Technology Ltd., Dolgoprudnyy, Moscow Region, Russia
2Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
3Institute of Spectroscopy RAS, Troitsk, Moscow Region, Russia
In recent years significant interest has been risen in both fundamental and applied science to the development of methods for studying of nanoscale objects. In addition to obtaining a separate spectral and topographic information, there are significant prospects of simultaneous spectral-topographic measurements features. 
The main problem of this technique is exact setting and retention of the probe tip in the laser spot. We proposed a method based on the acquisition of a confocal image of the tip of the probe, the subsequent installation and keeping it in the laser spot mode feedback. For this purpose, we use a separate scanning system, located in the SPM, and scanning by plane XY - scanner.
To implement this approach we have developed a microspectrometer, equipped with two independent confocal units. The first of them is equipped with a monochromator and a CCD camera and is designed to obtain spectral information, as well as for the construction of confocal images in the secondary radiation, which can be used as Raman scattering or fluorescence. The second module allows one to independently obtain confocal image.
Using an independent laser confocal unit and the above-mentioned methods of probe positioning also allows the simultaneous production of monochromatic images in scanning apertureless near-field microscopy and images in confocal microscopy in the secondary radiation.
16.40-16.55
Secant gradient-index microlens for superresolution
V. V. Kotlyar1,2 A. A. Kovalev1,2, A. G. Nalimov1,2
1mage Processing Systems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Samara, Russia 
bSamara State Aerospace University, Samara, Russia 
By solving Helmholtz equations, we derived relationships to describe propagating modes in gradient-index planar waveguide with arbitrary index profile. It is shown that in the quadratic- and secant-index waveguides a minimal mode width is 0.4λ/n, where λ is the wavelength in free space and n is the refractive index on the fiber axis. By using the FullWAVE simulation engine (RSoft Design, USA) we show that the superresolution can be achieved with gradient-index secant silicon microlens. It is shown that using a 2D secant microlens, the point source can be imaged near the lens back surface as a focal spot with the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 0.12λ. We also show that secant microlens is able to resolve at half-maximum two close point sources separated by a 0.3λ distance. If instead of intensity we use the power carried in the direction of optical axis (projection of Poynting vector onto the axis), point sources will be resolved even if they are separated by distance up to 0.15 λ.

36                                                                        June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus
	
JUNE 17	
16.55-17.10
Spatial light modulators and their properties for optical micromanipulation
M. Warber, T. Haist, S. Zwick, W. Osten
Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Technische Optik, Stuttgart, Germany 
The core element of holographic optical tweezers (HOT) is a spatial light modulator. Today, typically high resolution liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) displays are employed but of course all kinds of pixelated spatial light modulators (SLM) can be used to realize the light fields for manipulation in the object plane. Compared to conventional imaging based applications a lot of parameters are important and a lot of effects have to be taken into account if best results are to be realized when employing SLMs. Important parameters are modulation properties, the number and geometry of pixels, fringing field effects, discretization and quantization and the desired reconstruction pattern. The effects they have are various but mainly lead to a reduced diffraction efficiency and to disturbing ghost traps. In this contribution we present the most important effects of liquid crystal-based spatial light modulators and their impact on holographic optical tweezers. 
Knowing the modulation properties of a modulator, it becomes possible to implement them into the hologram optimization algorithms and therefore compensate some of these effects to improve the reconstruction considerably. 
We will additionally present some trapping and visualization methods based on such holographic techniques. Especially we will show results obtained for twin traps and Fourier Bessel beams. Apart from being relevant for HOT, these effects are also important for biological imaging (programmable phase contrast and aberration correction). 
17.10-17.25
Application of two-photon polymerization for intraocular diffractive lens fabrication
V.P. Osipov1, V.S. Pavelyev2, D.G. Kachalov3, B.N. Chichkov1
1Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hannover, Germany
2Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS, Samara, Russia
3Samara State Aerospace University, Samara, Russia 
The scientific aim of this work consists in investigation of possibilities for application of two-photon polymerization (2PP) technique for fabrication of a submicron-size relief on the surface of diffractive intraocular lenses (IOL). Optimization of methods of formation of IOL’s microrelief makes possible to redistribute more effectively light energy over focuses of IOLs that will allow a patient to see more precisely the environmental subjects located on various distances. 
Existing lithographic methods of microprocessing of material surfaces are very expensive for mass production and are basically oriented on binary relief fabrication. Using 2PP-based laser systems allows direct 3D-recording of microrelief on material surface of any desirable configuration with up to 100 nm precision and without binary limitations.
Results of computer simulation of the diffractive multifocus axially-symmetric IOLs with different types of relief profile will be demonstrated. It will be shown that distribution of light intensity over focuses of such IOLs is mainly dependent on form and depth of surface profile. As well, first results on experimental formation of diffractive multifocus axially-symmetric IOLs by means of 2PP-based laser microprocessing will be demonstrated.
Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       37
	
WEDNSDAY	
17.25-17.40
Combination of optical and probe microscopy for biological cells manipulation
E. S. Drozd, S. A. Chizhik 
A.V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Nanobiotechnology and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) are new fields that are of interest to modern medical science. Nowadays atomic force microscopy (AFM) is widely used in medical-biological researches from the all variety of SPM. Without special methods of preparation AFM gives an opportunity to investigate the morphology of the surface of different biological objects with nanoresolution. Also this method allows analyzing the physical and mechanical properties at micro- and nanoscale. Our experimental complex with the functions of scanning probe and optical microscopy intended for different materials investigation including biological cells. A special optical system makes it possible to visualize the objects and to position of the probe in the microscale. AFM is used for visualization and identification the local adhesion and viscoelastic properties of biological cells. Another opportunity of this complex is some manipulation with the cell by means of the applied load variation. This technique greatly enhances the possibilities and opens a new field of experiments in cell biology.
17.40-17.55
Optical scatterometry of non-periodic isolated lithographic structures
S.E. Kozik, A.G. Smirnov
Stepanov Institute of physics of NASB, Minsk, Belarus
Optical scatterometry is widely used in recent years for critical dimension measurement, profile reconstruction and overlay measurement in lithography process. Conventional scatterometry deals with periodic line-space structures, which occupy rather large area with linear sizes of tens of microns on a chip. In this paper we present new optical setup for scatterometry with focused beam. Small laser beam waist limits test structure area to several microns in linear size. Application of finite difference algorithm with non-periodic border conditions allows parameters recognition of isolated structures with arbitrary 3D geometry. We have performed numerical simulation of light scattering from several silicon dioxide grooves on silicon wafer. Far field scattered light patterns have been calculated for different side angles of the grooves and different configurations of the incident illumination. We uncover the influence of different parameters, including the incident beam polarization and phase structure, scattered field polarization, test zone shape and size, on the accuracy of the groove profile determination. According to our calculation registering the scattered field with detection sensitivity of -20 dB enables one to determine grooves top width with 0.02 wavelength precision. 

38                                                                         June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus
	
JUNE 17	
17.55-18.10
Supramolecular structures in polydimethylsiloxane films for fabrication of micro and nano relief
B.O. Volodkin1, V.S. Solvjev2, A.V. Volkov1 
1 Samara State Aerospace University, Samara, Russia
2 A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
The polydimethylsiloxane film was shown to form a periodic surface relief with period from 100 nm to 20 mkm, as a result of IR irradiation in vacuum. Siloxane molecules are characterized by a high thermodynamic flexibility, that is, ability of the chain to twist when exposed to thermal motion. Similarly to the ability of compounds to undergo chemical reactions, this feature is determined by the energy difference between two states. 
The prepared samples of polydimethylsiloxane films were placed in an upgraded versatile vacuum device VUP-5 intended for vacuum deposition. When the IR radiation enters interaction with the polydimethylsiloxane film in a vacuum, a strong temperature gradient appears between the top and bottom film surfaces. This results in the emergence of stresses leading to conformational chain transformations and formation of a periodic surface topology.
An optical system with a red semiconductor laser was assembled inside the set-up in order to monitor the siloxane film surface during the formation of supramolecular structures. One can judge whether supramolecular structures are formed on the film surface by analyzing scattered laser radiation reflected or transmitted through the sample.
Topic 5. Application of functionalized nanoparticles
Co-chairs: N.Tarasenko, B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NAS Belarus, Belarus 
V. Lapina, B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NAS Belarus, Belarus
18.10-18.25
Nanodiamonds application in biomedical optics
V.A. Lapina1, J. Opitz2
1B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics of NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2Fraunhofer Institut fur Zerstorungsfreie Prufverfahren, Dresden, Minsk
Nanodiamonds particles hold great promises for biomedical use, thanks to the possibilities to combine inorganic and biological materials  with the expectation to develop innovative diagnostic and therapeutic tools. NDs have nanosize, high chemical stability, biocompability, variability of surface chemistry of the particles that allows ones to noticeably expand a spectrum of the immobilized substances. 
One of the key issues in studies of biological systems is the application of fluorescence probes. The rapid development of nanotechnologies has given birth to the creation of fluorescent probes of a new generation (quantum dots, gold nanobeads, silicon, carbon beads etc.). Unfortunately, most of investigated materials are toxic for the human organism, which sharply limits their application. NDs prevents from these deficiencies. In connection with this, we have investigated the own spectral-luminescent properties of NDs and it was been appeared that NDs luminescent in a wide spectral range, which offers the feasibility of their potential application as photomarkers in different conditions of detection. We have functionalized the NDs particles by various targeting means and shown their successful transfection to inside HeLa cells. Nanodiamond fluorescence could be easily differentiated from cellular autofluorescence. The second way of our investigations is use of the Nds as constructive element of the biochip platform. It was established that biochip platform fabricated on the basis of diamond-containing golden films can be used in SPR-technology.
Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       39	

WEDNSDAY	
18.25-18.40
Development of corrosive resistant coatings for aluminum and aluminum alloys surface protection
V.Lapina1, J.Schreiber2 
1B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics of NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2Fraunhofer Institut fur Zerstorungsfreie Prufverfahren, Dresden, Minsk
Aluminum is irreplaceable metal in modern transport engineering and especially in aviation and automobile industry. As a rule, the aluminum alloys are characterized by high corrosion stability due to strong oxide layers which are formed on the metal surface at the presence of oxygen. At the same time aluminum is chemically active element, it easily interacts with various damage factors of environment (acids, alkalis, organic compounds). Multistage technologies of deposition of protective coatings on aluminum and alloys are used in industry manufacturing. However, even the composite multi-layer coatings which include, as a rule, non-organic (ceramic) and organic (polymer) layers and films, do not always provide the necessary protection and reliability level and demand further perfecting. Large part of the above technologies uses aggressive and toxic materials, for example, the compounds of Сr+6, that contradict to the modern ecological standards. Therefore, search of the new technological approaches, new secure materials and new concepts for civil industries are technically and socially significant.
A new method of protective coatings formation has been proposed for Al and AL-alloys with new secure material was been developed. In our technology we applied the specially functionalized nanocarbon particles to improve protective properties of coatings, films and interlayers on the surface of aluminum and its alloys. It was established that anticorrosion resistance of developed us coatings is higher up to 5 times in comprising on wide use today the commercial technologies. Nanocarbon particles are supposed to be universal agent for the improvement of protective (and other) properties of the broad class of composite films, layers and coatings.
18.40-18.55
Quantification of N-telopeptides in urine samples using a gold nanoparticle based immunoassay
M.-H. Lee1, S. Lee2, K. Kim2
1 Korean Electronics Technology Institute, Yatap dong, Bundang Gu, Seongnam Si, Gyeonggi do, Korea
2.IM electronics, Ingye dong, Paldal Gu, Suwon Si, Gyeonggi do, Korea 
A simple and specific immunoassay for measuring uninary N-telopeptides (NTx) using gold nanoparticles was developed. The aim of the study was to investigate the reliability and validity of measuring NTx using this immunoassay. Anti-NTx conjugated gold nanoparticles were used to determine the level of NTx in urine samples by measuring changes in absorption by UV/vis absorption spectroscopy. Optimal absorption wavelength for gold nanoparticle was determined, and OD (optical density) changes according to NTx concentration was demonstrated. 60 subjects were included in the study (28 Males and 32 females; mean age 30.4 years, SD 21.9 years) for reliability and validity test of this gold particle based immunoassay. Urine samples were collected from the subjects and NTx concentration were measured three times with an interval of two hours for reliability test. Validity of measurement was determined from the correlation between the gold nanoparticle based immunoassay and commercially available ELISA kit. The optimal absorption wavelength for gold nanoparticle was 535nm, where the calibration curve based on absorption changes showed a proportionate interval of optical density changes according to NTx concentration. Reliability of measurement using gold nanoparticle was found to be 0.924 (ICC, 95% confidence interval, 0.661–0.971). Correlation of measurements between ELISA method and immunoassay using gold nanoparticle was 0.90 (p<0.001). In conclusion, immunoassay using gold nanoparticles was reliable and valid measurement for urinary NTx. Our findings suggested gold nanoparticle-based analysis of NTx could be used as a rapid and straightforward clinical screening technique for bone resorption, which is expected to be used as a point-of-care testing.
40                                                                         June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	

JUNE 17	
18.55-19.10
Biologically resorbable nanoscaled particles for optoacoustic molecular imaging
R. Lemor, Y. Kohl, W. Bost, M. Fournelle
Fraunhofer-Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, St. Ingbert, Germany
Optoacoustic imaging is a hybrid imaging technique which reports the tissue-specific information about the local optical absorption with the high spatial resolution and penetration of ultrasound, thus combining the benefits of optical and acoustical imaging. To increase the specific contrast in tissue, targeted particles are of great interest because of their capacity to absorb and scatter light at visible and near-infrared wavelengths. The presentation describes recent developments towards polymeric nanoscaled contrast agents for clinical use and photoacoustic device developments for translational volume imaging of biological samples down to diffraction limited microscopy. The cytotoxic potential of dye loaded-PLGA particles was investigated by assessment of changes in metabolic activity, proliferation rate and cell membrane integrity with two different cell lines showing no significant cytotoxic potential. The optical absorption of the particles was investigated by means of optoacoustic microscopy showing great suitability for contrast enhancement in medical imaging. 

19.10-19.25
Comparison of techniques of drug redistribution registration from nanosized carriers in biological systems
V. A. Reshetov1,2, T.E. Zorina1, M.-A. D’Hallewin2, L. Bolotine2, V. P. Zorin1.
1Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Physics Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
2Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Nancy-Université, CNRS, Centre Alexis Vautrin, Vandœuvre-Les-Nancy, France
Nanosized liposomes are popular pharmaceutical carriers for drugs with poor water solubility, since they can be solubilized in the hydrophobic lipid bilayer. In this perspective, a clinically approved photosensitizer, meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC) has been loaded into dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-based liposomes of 100 nm diameter. In the present study we compare three different techniques to analyze the redistribution of mTHPC from liposomes to biological substrates: mTHPC anisotropy measurements, photoinduced mTHPC fluorescence quenching and excitation energy transfer from fluorescent label diphenylhexatrien (DPH) to mTHPC. 
In donor liposomes with high local drug concentration, the fluorescence of mTHPC is almost depolarized, but anisotropy is increasing with the redistribution of drug to acceptor particles. The phenomenon of photoinduced fluorescence quenching consists in a significant decrease of mTHPC fluorescence after low-dose photoirradiation followed by its restoration after destruction of liposomes by a neutral detergent. Energy transfer from DPH to mTHPC in liposomes was studied by titrating donor liposomes with DPH and its water-soluble derivative. Each method was shown to possess a characteristic range of sensitivity, with photoinduced quenching providing better dynamic response. High local concentration of photosensitizer in liposomes stipulates the fluorescence features which may be used for analyzing the rate of pigment release from lipid carriers.

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       41 	
WEDNSDAY	
19.25-19.40
Laser and Plasma Fabrication of Nanoparticles for Medical Applications
V.S.Burakov, N.V.Tarasenko, A.V. Butsen, A.A. Nevar, M.I.Nedelko 
Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus.
Plasma-assisted methods are widely used both for synthesis and treatment of nanoparticles, including nanoparticles for medical applications. In this paper the capabilities of two techniques (laser ablation and electrical discharges in liquids) for fabrication of metallic and composite Gd nanoparticles for medical applications have been investigated. Nanoscale compounds and alloys of gadolinium are promising materials for applications as therapeutic agents in drug delivery and as magnetic particles for the hyperthermia treatment due to the largest magnetocaloric effect known near room temperature. Gadolinium oxides doped with Tb, Eu, Dy et al. ions are of current interest as luminescent labels in bioanalysis, because of their optical properties (sharp emission spectra, large Stokes shifts, and long luminescence lifetime), as well as photostability and low-cost synthesis. The optical properties, morphology and composition of the nanoparticles formed under various experimental conditions as well as possible ways of nanoparticles applications have been analyzed.

42                                                                        June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
JUNE 18	
18 June 2010
Oral Session
Topic 6.Physical simulation of sensors and control systems
Co-chairs: A.Tolstik, Belarusian State University, Belarus
N. Khilo, B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NAS Belarus, Belarus
16.00-16.15
Improvement in the quality of static image of object from video sequence
M.Tatur1, D. Dovnar2
1Intellectual Processors Ltd., Minsk, Belarus
2Institute of Technology of Metals of NAS Belarus, Mogilev, Belarus
The algorithm allowing to obtain the synthetic static image with the higher level of the resolution and the smaller level of noise from the fragment of video sequence is developed. On image the fuzzy objects which are moved or turned as a result of the its motion or of the camera motion are present. Algorithm is based on the original method, which minimizes the mean-square error of image reconstruction. A general difference in the proposed algorithm from the classical realizations is the using of different coordinate systems for each image. The theoretical information estimation of the discrete registration of the object images is proposed. It is shown that an increasing in the number of registered images increases the accuracy and predicts the quality of the object reconstruction. The experiments, which show a substantial increase in the level “of tracing” of the of object details with the use of its several free turned (moved) images in comparison with the reconstruction on one image, are carried out. The function graphs of information estimation depending on spatial frequencies are given and their analysis for formed samples of images from video sequence is carried out. This algorithm can be used for increasing the objective quality of the image in expert criminological studies, in the microscopy, in the remote sensing.
16.15-16.30
Light beam control by liquid crystal interfaces
A.А. Komar, М.А. Kurochkina, Е.А. Melnikova, Yu.I. Miksyuk, А.L. Tolstik
Laser Physics and Spectroscopy Department, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
One of the problems of modern optics is the development of new inexpensive devices enabling the control of light beams. Such elements are required in fiberoptical communication lines and in various systems for target indication and image projection. Most promising as electrooptical materials look liquid crystal (LC) media with high birefringence (~ 0.1 – 0.2) permitting its electric change under the effect of low (several volt) voltages. 
This paper presents the experimentally examined schemes proposed to control the propagation direction of laser beams by LC elements based on the total internal reflection effect. The interface of two regions in nematic LC distinguished by the director orientation is formed within the cell. By appropriate selection of the experimental geometry (LC director orientation, polarization vector of optical wave) both the total and partial beam reflection at the interface was realized. The light beam multiplication schemes using a combination of the spatially separated interfaces were investigated. The reflection and beam multiplication effects were controlled by means of the electric field applied to the cell causing reorientation of LC and creating the homogeneously oriented homotropic structure through which a light beam propagates straightly without reflections. 
This experimental study enabled optimization of the conditions for the total internal reflection of a light beam and its multiplication at the LC interfaces with different orientations of the director. 
Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                      43	

THURSDAY	
16.30-16.45
Effect of incoherent light on amplitude characteristic of adaptive holographic interferometer
S.M.Shandarov 1, A.A.Kolegov 1, L.A.Kabanova 1, S.S.Shmakov 1, Yu.F.Kargin 2
1State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia
2A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Moscow, Russia
Effect of incoherent light on amplitude characteristic of adaptive holographic interferometer on the basis of photorefractive Bi12TiO20 (BTO) crystal is investigated. Holographic interferometer was used for measuring displacement amplitude of vibrating surfaces. As the photorefractive medium crystal BTO of a cut (100) alloyed by copper and thickness of 0.55 mm was used. The hologram in a crystal was formed by laser beams with length of a wave 633 nm at intensity of signal beam IS ≈ 22 мВт/см2 and intensity of pump beam IP ≈ 1500 мВт/см2, incoherent light was formed by a light-emitting diode with length of a wave 515 nanometers. The counter geometry of interaction of beams without the external electric field was used. The signal beam had sine wave phase modulation which was carried out by means of a mirror pasted to the piezoceramic cylinder. Experiments were spent with intensity of illumination 50, 150 and 255 мВт/см2 on frequencies of phase modulation of 63, 318 and 622 Hz. Investigated interferometer allows to fix vibration of reflecting objects with amplitude less than 25 picometers. The equations are received, allowing to consider Effect of incoherent light on the amplitude characteristic of holographic interferometer. Theoretical calculations well correspond to experimental results.
This work is supported by the program “Development of Scientific Potential of High School (2009-2010)” of the Government of the Russian Federation.
16.45-17.00
Computer analysis of geometrical and movement parameters of biological cells by their microscopic imagery
V. M. Artemiev1, А.О. Naumov1, L.L. Kohan1, S.A. Chizhik2, Е.S. Drozd2, F.E. Dromashko3, O.V. Kvitko3, Ya.I. Sheiko3, I.I. Koneva3
1Institute of Applied Physics, Minsk, Belarus
	2Heat and Mass Transfer Institute, Minsk, Belarus	
3Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Minsk, Belarus
The methodology and algorithms are developed for processing of the biological cells images obtained by optical and atomic-power microscopes. Problems of a background filtering, objects detection and their clusterization are solved. For each of the allocated objects the geometrical parameters (sizes, square, perimeter and shape characteristics) as well as movement parameters are defined. These data allow to solve a problem of cells types classification, probe structure analysis and dynamical properties of moving cells. 

44                                                                        June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
JUNE 18	
     17.00-17.15
                    Density functional theory based modeling of field evaporation
U. Yushkevich1, G. Seifert 2, J. Schreiber 3
1 B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2 Technische Universität, Physikalische Chemie, Dresden, Germany
3 Fraunhofer Institute for Nondestructive Testing, Dresden, Germany
Nowadays Atom Probe microscope provides the highest (atomistic) spatial resolution of any known microscopy technique. The physical background of this technique is based on the field evaporation of atoms (FEV). FEV is the process of escaping atoms from the material under application of an extremely high (typically 10–40 V nm-1) electric field. In this work we present results of modeling FEV from Al (100) and (111) surfaces by using self consistent density functional based tight binding method (SCC-DFTB). The surface has been modeled as a slab with additional (adsorbed) atoms. The external electric field has been included by using a point charge model. The evaporation process will be discussed in detail. The calculated values of evaporation fields are in good agreement with experimental data and also with previous density functional (DFT) calculations.
17.15-17.30
Application of a low-cost near-infrared laser diode for miniaturized photoacoustic gas sensing
A.L.Ulasevich, A.V.Gorelik, V.S.Starovoitov, N.S.Kazak
B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics, NASB, Minsk, Belarus
Laser-based photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy is one of the most sensitive techniques applied to local non-contact analysis of trace amounts of chemical compounds in gas media. An important advantage for the technique is the capability to miniaturizing. Recently, miniature high-sensitivity PA cells (the cells with internal volume down to a few cubic millimetres and minimal detectable absorption better than 10־8 cm−1WHz−1/2, see www.micepas.basnet.by) have been developed and tested with a carbon dioxide laser. Combining such cells with compact infrared semiconductor lasers (laser diodes or quantum cascade lasers) is a promising line of development for the PA technique.
In the report we analyze the potential of near-infrared current-modulated distributed-feedback (DFB) laser diodes (LD) for application in gas sensing with the help of a miniaturized PA cell. The evident advantages of the LD are the low cost, small sizes, capability to tune accurately the oscillation wavelength and possibility to exclude the external laser-beam modulator from the optical lay-out. Due to the dependence of the oscillation wavelength on the forward LD current, a special attention should be paid to the current-modulation regime. We demonstrate the gas-sensing potential in an experiment where a fiber-pigtailed temperature-controlled DFB LD operated at 1.53 m and a compact PA cell of inclined geometry are applied for detection of ammonia in air. 

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       45	

THURSDAY	
17.30-17.45
Electrodynamics of DNA and artificial DNA-like structures
I. Semchenko, S. Khakhomov, A. Balmakov
Francisk Skorina Gomel State University, Gomel, Belarus
Investigation of polarizing properties of DNA is chosen as one of primary importance due to mirror asymmetry of the shape of DNA. Preliminary theoretical calculation has shown that the shape of DNA is optimum for radiation of a circular electromagnetic wave under the resonance condition when the wave length is approximately equal to 10 nm. 
This theoretical conclusion has been proved experimentally by the example of DNA-like helices in a microwave range in accordance with the principle of scaling. 
Recent research is regarding to the absorption properties of DNA at interaction with low intensity vacuum ultraviolet radiation depending on the sign of circular polarization. The measurements are carrying out at wave length =266 nm near which, as it is known, DNA have a peak of absorption, so the differences in absorption of the circularly polarized laser beams, that transmitted through the DNA sample, can be revealed.
Probably, the identical effect takes place in some processes that involve DNA in biological organisms’ cells, but in the range of extreme ultraviolet radiation.
These results are also interesting in connection with an opportunity of creation of modern artificial 2D and 3D structures on the basis of branches of a molecule of DNA. The structures based on that principle can form a new type of nano-scale artificial biomaterials called metamaterials exhibiting novel electromagnetic propertied of the medium which are not occur in nature. 
17.45-18.00
Thermooptical generation of sound waves in dense layers of carbon absorbing nanotubes
G.S.Mityurich1, M.Aleksiejuk2, G.V.Kulak3, A.N.Serdyukov4
1Belarusian Trade and Economics University, Gomel, Belarus
2Institute of Fundamental Technological Research Polish Academy of Sciences,Warsaw, Poland
3Mozyr State Pedagogical University named after I.P.Shamyakin, Mozyr, Belarus 
4Gomel State University named after F.Skoryna, Gomel, Belarus
Last years were marked by active formation of such branch of knowledge as nanoelectronics. It is caused by leading development of nanoindustry at the present stage and its enormous value for the present and the future. Rather perspective nanostructures with wide potential of application are carbon nanotubes. The experimenters take an interest in research of the photoacoustical effect in layers of carbon nanotubes. The authors mark, that intensity of a sound signal, arising in the layer of focused nanotubes and an absorber, depends on coefficient of volumetric of thermal expansionand specific heat ср at constant pressure. It is shown that amplitude of the photoacoustic signal from nanotubes layer and an absorber is proportional to released heat with practically identical factor of proportionality. Development of various modelling representations of photoacoustic transformation in carbon nanoobjects and nanostructures is necessary for single-valued and adequate interpretation of experimental measurements of photoacoustic signal depending on the value of optical, thermal, dissipative parametres of a carbon nanotubes block. This investigation suggests an analytical model of conductivity of carbon zigzag and armchair nanotubes. It is found the expression for energy dissipation speed and the relation for amplitude of the resultant signal in the case of its registration with help of resonant gas-microphone cell. It is showed a possibility for the definition of the carbon nanotubes absorption factor with the photoacoustic spectroscopy method. 

46                                                                        June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
JUNE 18	
18.00-18.15
Generation of ultrasound pulses by optic-acoustical method in solid state body for control systems
G.V. Kulak1, V.G. Gudelev2, A.G. Matveeva1 
1Mozyr’ State Pedagogical University, Mozyr’, Belarus 
2B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics. NASB, Minsk, Belarus 
The generation of longitudinal, shear and surface acoustical wave in isotropic solid states bodies is investigated. For ultrasonic source in a view of narrow strip of rectangular form and Gaussian light pulses the analytical expressions for complex amplitudes of displacements of longitudinal, shear and Reyleigh wave have been received. It is shown that for longitudinal and shear wave under increasing of azimuth angle which is counted out from the normal to the boundary of solid state body the Gaussian pulses sufficiency transformed and make the form of S – pulse.

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       47	
FRIDAY	
19 June 2010
Topic 8. Medical diagnostics and Point of Care Testing
Co-chairs: A.Konstantiniva, Shubnikov IInstitute of Crystallography, Belarus
B. Dzhagarov, B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NAS Belarus, Belarus
Invited 										9.00-9.30 
Application of anatomical shape models to diagnosis and prediction
R. Schubert
Institute for Biomedical Image Analysis, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, UMIT, Hall, Austria
Applications of biomedical image processing and analysis to clinical tasks in diagnosis and therapy planning are frequently restricted by the problem of inter-individual differences in terms of variation in structure, topology and shape. 
At several stages in typical application pipelines this restriction occurs, beginning with segmentation of the individual anatomical structure or organ followed by the problem of distinguishing "normal" from pathological variations of the structure and typically is ending in the problem of deriving valid diagnostic and prognostic information. 
The main part of the talk will focus on our approaches and results to model shape and micro-structure variation of patient populations and the application for segmentation, classification, diagnosis and prediction. The application of the methods will be demonstrated  by a current example in model based diagnosis of osteoporosis and predicting fracture risk and implant anchorage. 
Invited 										9.30-10.00 
Application of OCT to Dermatology
B. Shin1, J.-S. Lee1, T.Stautmeister4, E. Koch2, B. Fischer3, J. Schreiber3, T.-Y. Han3
1Department of R&D, NUGA Medical Co., LTD., 2Clinical Sensor and Monitoring, TU-Dresden,
3Fraunhofer Institute for Non-Destructive Testing, Dresden branch of IZFP
4MICRO-EPSILON Optronic GmbH, Dresden-Langebrück
Optical Coherent Tomography (OCT) is a relative new type of optical imaging modality. OCT performs high resolution, cross-sectional tomographic imaging of the internal microstructure in materials and biological systems by measuring the echo time delay and magnitude of backscattered light. First clinical application of the OCT was ophthalmology. OCT enables the noncontact, noninvasive imaging of the anterior eye as well as imaging of morphologic features of human retina including the fovea and optic disc. Advances in OCT technology have made it possible to image nontranspararent tissues, thus enabling OCT to be applied in wide range of medical specialties. Imaging depth is limited by optical attenuation from tissue scattering and absorption. However, imaging up to 1 to 2 mm deep can be achieved. This is the scale that many interesting phenomena happen in the skin. Imaging studies have also been performed in vitro to investigate applications in dermatology. Recently, many requirements on quantitative analysis and high resolution cross-sectional image of the skin are raised from the cosmetic industry and the clinical application in dermatology. NUGA Medical collaborates with TU-Dresden, MICRO-EPSILON Optronic and Fraunhofer institute to develop first commercial OCT system for these requirements. Fundamental research has been done by the group. NUGA Medical will develop the commercial product based on the research and numerous clinical studies will be performed to optimize the performance of OCT. 
In this paper, we review the target specification of the OCT for dermatology and the scope of the joint development project. 

48                                                                        June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
JUNE 19	
10.00-10.15
Detection of Cancer-Cells in Prostate Tissue with Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy
C.E.Gerich1, J.Opitz1, M.Toma2, M.Sergon2, S.Füssel3 O.M.Grimm3, R.Nanke4
J.Fehre4, M.Wirth2, G. Baretton3, J.Schreiber1
1Fraunhofer-IZFP Dresden, . Dresden
2Carl-Gustav-Carus-Klinikum Dresden – Pathologie, . Dresden
3Carl-Gustav-Carus-Klinikum Dresden – Urologie.Dresden
4Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, .Erlangen
Goals: One of the biggest challenges of tumour diagnostics is the precise differentiation between benign and malignant tissue. Due to these difficulties, pathologists and physicians strongly need a diagnostic system that facilitates the decision which tissue has to be removed. In previous studies many attempts were made to use tissue fluorescence for cancer recognition. However, no clear correlation was found between tissue type and fluorescence parameters like time and wavelength dependent fluorescence intensity I(t,λ). The present study is focused on cooperative behaviour of cells in benign or malignant prostates tissue reflecting differences in their metabolism.
Material and Methods: Each 6 punch biopsies from 50 prostates were obtained directly after radical prostatectomy. Time-resolved fluorescence spectra were recorded for 4 different measure points for each biopsy. Distribution of malignant and non-malignant tissue areas was assessed on the afterwards formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens. An algorithm was developed to determine a relevant parameter of the time dependent fluorescence data.
Results: Analyzing 1200 measurements in total, optimal conditions for discrimination between malignant and non-malignant tissue areas were found resulting in a certain threshold. Although diagnostic performance is already appropriate, the proposed approach needs further optimization. 
Conclusion: Nevertheless the new method seems to offer a very helpful diagnostic tool for pathologists as well as for surgery.
10.15-10.30
Cholesterol Crystals in Human Synovial Fluid
A. F. Konstantinova1, M. M. Zakharova 2,V. A. Nasonova 2, B. V. Nabatov 1
1 Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
2 Institute of Rheumatology of the Russian Academy of Medical Science, Moscow, Russia
It was shown that cholesterol crystals can be formed in the synovial fluid and rheumatoid nodules of patients with different rheumatoid arthritis diseases in 0.13% cases. It was established that the growth of cholesterol crystals and their number and size are related to the synovial fluid composition. Two types of cholesterol crystals were found in synovial fluid: large and small rhomboid and strip plates. The rheumatoid nodule contained multicolor crystals, almost without any foreign impurities. The synovial fluid from the shoulder joint of a patient with rheumatic arthritis contained a larger number of crystals, the synovial fluid was orange, highly turbid, and viscous. The leukocyte count in the synovial fluid was very small, the cellular composition was qualitatively characterized by the dominant content of lymphocytes and synoviocytes. A technique for studying the birefringence and absorption spectrum of cholesterol crystals was proposed, and it was shown that such crystals have a high birefringence from 0.11 to 0.8 and have different absorption. It was suggested that the low detection frequency of cholesterol crystals in synovial fluid in rheumatoid diseases may indicate the presence of some different local factors, some of which facilitate crystal formation while others apparently hinder this process, interrupting it in a particular intermediate stage. 
Сonference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       49	

FRIDAY	
10.30-10.45
An augmentation in osteoporotic bone quality through minimally invasive laser therapy
C.Y. Ko, D. Kang, D.H. Seo, Y. Ryu, B. Jung. H. S. Kim
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, South Korea
The aim of this study is to verify the augmentation of osteoporotic bone quality through minimally invasive laser therapy system (MILTS). 12 female ICR mice were allocated into 2 groups; SHAM and LASER group. Osteoporosis in mice was induced by denervation on right hind limb. The mice in LASER group were treated by using the MILTS (3J/cm2, 5 days/week over 2 weeks). The tibiae of mice were scanned at 0 weeks (before MILTS therapy) and 2 weeks (after 2 weeks of MILTS therapy) by using in-vivo μ-CT (Skyscan 1076, SKYSCAN N.V., Belgium) at a 18um of resolution. Not only structural parameters but also distribution of bone mineral (DBM) were measured and calculated from (based on) μ-CT images. Relative variations of bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness and trabecular number in LASER group were significantly bigger than those in SHAM group (p<0.05). In contrast, relative variations of bone surface / volume ratio, trabecular separation and trabecular bone pattern factor were significantly smaller in LASER group than those in SHAM group. DBM in SHAM group was shifted into lower mineralization, while DBM in LASER group was maintained. These results show that MILTS therapy has an effect on an improvement in osteoporotic bone quality.
10.45-11.00
Finite Element Analysis for Laser Treatment of Port Wine Stain
Y. G. Kim1, T. W. Lee1, K. W. Kwon2, B. Jung1, J. S. Nelson3 and H. S. Kim1, *
1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwondo, Korea
2 Department of Mathematics, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
3 Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Irvine, CA, USA
The purpose of this study is to compare the two-dimensional (2D) model with three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model for the laser treatment of port wine stain. The 2D and 3D FE skin model were reconstructed by 2D images. The FE skin models were analyzed with 585nm flashlamp-pumped dye laser parameter. The simulation models were formulated of coupled equations, and were solved with the finite element method. The temperature distribution depends on the blood vessel coagulation, and the results were calculated by Arrhenius rate process. The 3D FE model temperature distribution was different from that of the 2D FE model. The results for 3D skin model were more similar to the previous results reported in clinic. This indicates that using the 3D skin model is more effective to study the risk factor of recurrence of port wine stain in clinic.

50                                                                        June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
JUNE 19	
11.00-11.15
Evaluation of facial actinic keratosis using fluorescent images
Y.-J. Cho1, Y. Bae1, E.-H. Choi3, B. Jung1,2

1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea 
2Institute of Medical Engineering Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
3Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea

Actinic keratosis (AK) is one of the most common diseases seen in clinical practice.  The lesion has been considered to be precursor of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), especially squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).  Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolevulinic acids (5-ALA) has been used to non-invasively treat AK lesions. Topical PDT of non-melanoma skin cancers was introduced by Kennedy in 1990 and employs the naturally occurring molecule 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) as the photosensitizer precursor. 5-ALA is not itself a photosensitizing agent, but it is converted to efficient photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), by enzymatic conversion in the exogenous heme biosynthetic pathway. The photosensitizer, PpIX, has been shown to accumulate preferentially in many types of skin cancers in comparison with the surrounding normal skin. PpIX has a broad absorption spectrum centered at 405nm and a fluorescence emission with a dominant peak a 635nm. After 5-ALA application, we acquired extrinsic fluorescence signal from both facial AK lesions and normal skin with the excitation light source at 405nm, so that AK lesions could be differentiated from normal skin by using 2-D spectral information of hyper-spectral imaging (HSI) system and RGB digital camera system. We also confirmed photosensitizer is more accumulated preferentially in AK lesions in comparison with the surrounding healthy tissue. 
11.15-11.30
Optical cancer detection of different human tissues
A. N. Sobchuk1, N.A. Nemkovich1, A. K. Korolik2 , J. Schreiber3, C. Gerich3, G. Salomon4
1B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics NASB, Minsk, Belarus
2Belarussian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
3Fraunhofer Institute for Nondestructive Testing, Dresden, Germany
4Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Laser induced autofluorescence, white light remission and electrical impedance measurement are methods to discriminate tissues of different dignity. Spectroscopic optical and impedance data were collected from tissue specimens by experimental device LIMES (Lasertechnik, Berlin). Principal component analysis followed by linear discriminant analysis have been used to evaluate the experimental data. The study was performed on brain neoplastic lesions (34 samples) and prostatic tissue (95 samples). Using multivariate statistical analysis allowed 100% correctly classify brain samples to the different diagnosis in accordance with histopathological examinations. The used complex statistical processing of prostatic experimental data has shown a differentiation of benign and malignant prostatic tissue with a sensitivity of 93.8% and a specificity of 92.4%. We have done some experiments for diagnostic cancer of human thyroid gland. In this study, an automated laser spectroﬂuorimeter was used. Fluorescence decay curves of cancer and normal human thyroid gland were recorded. We observed that average ﬂuorescence decay time of normal samples was shorter than cancer samples. Based on these results we developed scheme of prototype device for optical cancer detection. It contain pulsed UV LEDs, high speed PMT detector head, time-correlated single photon counting module, monochromator, halogen lamp and high sensitivity compact spectrometer.
- coffee break -
Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       51	

FRIDAY	
11.55-12.10
Laser kinetic method for determination of the molecular oxygen affinity of human hemoglobin and polyhemoglobin, artificial blood substitute product
S. V. Lepeshkevich1, B. M. Dzhagarov1, R.A. Roziev2, V. K. Podgorodnichenko2
1B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2Research and Production Company Medbiopharm, Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russian Federation
Development of blood substitutes that fulfil the vitally important respiratory function is a topical problem of medicine. The major strategy for developing molecular oxygen (O2) carriers is based on chemical modifications of hemoglobin, the natural O2-carrying protein. To find effective carriers, one needs a rigorous method to study O2 binding properties. An approach is proposed to provide answers to such problem as the O2 affinity difference between α and β subunits in human hemoglobin and polyhemoglobin, artificial O2 carrier. The approach is based on determination of the bimolecular association rate constant for O2 rebinding and the apparent quantum yield of photodissociation from single flash photolysis experiment. The potential of the approach is demonstrated with α and β subunits within human hemoglobin and polyhemoglobin in the R-state. The affinity of O2 binding to polyhemoglobin is found to be in 2.2±0.6 times lower than that for native hemoglobin. Plasticity associated with the tertiary structure within R-state hemoglobin is explored through measurements that focus on the functional properties of hemoglobin under conditions designed to tune the tertiary structure without inducing the R to T transition. The possible structural changes, which modify the O2 rebinding properties of human hemoglobin and polyhemoglobin, are discussed.
12.10-12.25
Drug molecules localization in RNA modelling polynucleotides, yeast DNA and living cells
S. B. Bushuk, N. S. Kazak, B. A. Bushuk
B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Science of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Steady-state, time-resolved, polarization spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) technique combined with laser scanning microscopy methods were used to study interaction of anticancer drug with polynucleotides poly(GC), poly(AU), yeast DNA, its distribution within cancer cells and interaction with various intracellular organelles. It has been established that for the yeast DNA and RNA modelling polynucleotides he majority of drug molecules intercalated between the base pairs does not fluoresce due to the electron transfer from the bases to excited drug molecule. A part of drug molecules is intercalated between the base pairs exhibit high fluorescence lifetime and the ultimate fluorescence polarization degree. The dependence of fluorescence spectrum on excitation wavelength, fluorescence excitation spectrum on registration wavelength and spectral dependence of fluorescence lifetime give evidence of strong interaction of -electron systems of drug molecules and bases (- stacking). It has been shown that weak fluorescence in the cell nuclei is determined not by small drug concentration but by high weight of short fluorescence decay time. The study also revealed the significant difference of fluorescence lifetimes measured in endoplasmic reticulum. It is established that in rough endoplasmic reticulum enriched by multiprotein ribosomes bound to its membrane fluorescence decay parameters are roughly the same as in the nucleus but with smaller weight of short fluorescence lifetime which indicate that the drug molecules are mostly bound to ribosomal proteins. On the other hand, in smooth endoplasmic reticulum known to be ribosome-deficient the fluorescence decay parameters characteristic to drug – membrane protein interaction have been measured.

52                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
JUNE 19	
12.25-12.40
Visual feedback in hybrid robot control for medical patch clamp applications
M. Szwedo, M. Petko, T. Uhl
Dept. of Robotics and Mechatronics, AGH - University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
A visual feedback control setup allowing automatic patch clamp measurement with micromanipulation has been developed. The workstation - a high precision (vision servoed) hybrid robot is build of macro parallel robot, micro serial robot and Leica Z16APOA macroscope. Heuristic algorithm for neural cell classification and selection has been developed. Integration of vision system as part of the feedback control was successfully accomplished for micro robot. Developed hybrid robot system with vision feedback is used for in-vitro measurement electrical activity of the neuron cells in zoology and pharmacy. In this study, authors discuss a two dimensional autonomous micromanipulation system, which is based on optical macroscope and hybrid robot. Authors demonstrate measurement realization method in visual servoed hybrid robot, heuristic algorithm of the cell detection for patch-clamp measurement and advanced method for three dimensional shape reconstruction based on depth from focus method.
12.40-12.55
Optical diagnostics of the tumor tissue damage efficiency as a result of photochemotherapy
M. P. Samtsov, E. S. Voropay, D. G. Melnikau, L. S. Liashenka, K.N. Kapleusky
Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
Photochemotherapy of cancer is based on the photochemical reactions the efficiency of which is determined by the photosensitizier, being dependent on the luminous flux parameters and other conditions of the phototreatment. Of great importance is the fact that the efficiency of treatment may be improved by timely correction of the relevant parameters with due regard for the reaction of patient’s organism to the photochemotherapeutic treatment. The possibility exists of finding a correlation between the spectral characteristics of the fluorescent compound located within the tumor cells and the damage efficiency of these cells in the process of phototherapy, necessitating a search for the spectral parameters of the photosensitizer capable to mark the damage rate of tumor cells. To this end, this work presents the results of investigations into the effect exerted by photochemotherapy of tumor cells on the luminescent properties of the symmetric indotricarbocyanine dye. The data in the HeLa culture and in animal tissues have been obtained; the correlation between the spectral data and damage efficiency of tumor tissues has been examined. 

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                      53	
FRIDAY	

12.55-13.10
Laser - optical method of detection and elimination the local tissue hypoxia and its application in oncology
M.M. Asimov 1, R.M. Asimov 2, A.N. Rubinov 1 
1 Institute of Physics National Academy of Science of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus. 
2 "Sensotronic Ltd.", Minsk, Belarus
Hypoxia - the deficit of oxygen - in solid tumors is the major problem that limits the efficiency of the methods of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. In this report new approach to solving the problem of local tissue hypoxia based on technology of laser-induced tissue oxygenation is proposed. Noninvasive laser-optical method of local tissue hypoxia detection is developed. The original optical model of laser - tissue interaction and algorithm of mathematical calculation of optical field inside tissue is proposed. It is shown that by analyzing surface distribution of the intensity of incident and transmitted light it is possible to restore the image of blood vascular vessels. The visualization of superficial skin blood vessels is experimentally demonstrated. Laser-induced tissue oxygenation in combination with the visualization the local net of tissue blood vessels could be applied in photomedicine both in diagnosis of earlier risk tumor formation and it prevention as well as increasing the efficiency of therapeutic methods in modern Cancerology is discussed. 

54                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
POSTER SESSION	
18 June 2010
Poster Session
Section 1. Characterization of physical and functional performance materials
1.1	 Elliptic and astigmatic Bessel beams and profile- matched optical profilometry
1N.A.Khilo, 1V.N.Belyi, 2P.A. Khilo, 2E.S.Petrova
1B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2Gomel State Technical University, Gomel, Belarus
	By now the method has been developed of laser profilometry of cylindrical objects using profile- matched light beams. Profile matching means coincidence of the surface of the measured object and the equiphase surface of probing light beam. As concerning the objects with circular transverse section, profile- matched light beams are circular conical and Bessel ones. In the report another class has been investigated of profile-matched light beams – elliptic and astigmatic conical and Bessel beams. The analysis has been made of the solution of Maxwell equations for these beams and their polarization, spatial and energetic characteristics have been investigated. The problem has been solved on formation and propagation of elliptic and astigmatic beams in uniaxial crystals in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis. The schemes have been calculated of acousto-optic diffraction of vector Bessel light beam in uniaxial crystal. It has been established that collinear diffraction in backward direction allows one to divide spatially elliptic or astigmatic Bessel beams from their superpositions with usual Bessel beam. The possibilities have been investigated of application of non-circular Bessel beams in optical profilometry. The boundary problem has been solved on reflection of elliptical Bessel beam by cylindrical surface. The set of conditions have been established, at which light beam will be profile-matched with the investigated surface. The problem has been analyzed on the choice of optimal reference wave in such profilometer and on azimuthal structure of the obtained interferograms. Preliminary conclusions have been made on the efficiency of application of noncircular Bessel beams in optical profilometry.
1.2	The analysis of laser thermosplitting of materials by using of crescent shape beams
S. Shalupaev, Y. Nikitjuk, A. Sereda
Educational Establishment "Francisk Skorina Gomel State University", Gomel, Belarus
In this paper the numerical modeling of allocation of thermoelastic fields which are formed during controllable laser thermosplitting in fragile nonmetallic materials is executed within the limits of theory of elasticity. Modelling is executed for laser beams with a cross-section in the form of an ellipse, a ring, and the semi-ring and crescent beams. The classical circuit of realization of the given method consists in the superficial heating of a material by a laser beam and the aftercooling of this zone by means of a refrigerating medium. Thus the microcrack which is organized in the zone of refrigerating medium supply follows for a laser beam along a treatment line. On the basis of the analysis of allocation of thermoelastic fields it is displayed, that application of the classical circuit of the given method realization with use elliptic and ring-shaped beams possesses a number of the disadvantages, one of which is the quick deflection of a microcrack from a line of influence of a laser beam and refrigerating medium at treatment close to collateral border of the sample. Thus the microcrack is progressed in a direction to collateral border of the sample. It is displayed, that application of crescent beams allows to diminish degree of effects of a treatment line closeness to boundary line of the sample on microcrack development. The positive effect is attained due to forming of a compression stress zone not only ahead and under field of a refrigerating medium effects where the microcrack is initialized and explicated, but also on each side of zone of a refrigerating medium effects, that in one’s turn does not allow a microcrack to be deflected aside.
Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                     55	

POSTER SESSION	
1.3	Stable birefringence recording in benzaldehyde polymers by UV radiation
U.Mahilny, A.Stankevich, A. Trofimova
Physical Department of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
Optical polarization phase recording in photosensitive polymeric materials is very attractive for production techniques of 2D structured polarization devices in display technologies, optical security features and others. For this type of practical applications thermostability of photoinduced birefringence is of great importance, but for the most popular recording materials it is insufficient due to anisotropic species mobility. The solution of stability problem by means of including anisotropic units in cross-links between macromolecules is proposed. Several benzaldehyde-containing polymers, in which such crosslinking takes place have been developed and investigated. The consecutive recording of negative and positive birefringence in benzaldehyde polymers is experimentally revealed, the first one gradually erasing even at room temperature, whereas the second is being quite stable under temperature up to 120°C. To construct a model of birefringence induction processes two different types of photocrosslinking are considered. One of these originates from benzaldehyde photoreaction with polymer matrix resulted in lowering initial molecular anisotropy. This turns to a negative birefringence, formed by residual benzaldehyde units and erased by its thermal reorientation. In the case of mutual benzaldehyde photodehydrogenation the photoproducts with sufficient anisotropy of polarizability, greater than initial photosensitive units, are produced. Having included in cross-links these anisotropic species ensure appearance of stable positive birefringence. For effective mutual dehydrogenation and, consequently, stable photoanisotropy induction a high rotational mobility of benzaldehyde units is shown to be necessary. It is reached by increasing of experimental samples temperature or decreasing of polymer glass-transition temperature.
1.4	The analysis of the electrodynamic systems containing metamaterials, with use of average scattering matrixes
S. V. Maly, A. S. Rudnitski
Belarusian State University, Department of Radiophysics and Electronics, Minsk, Belarus
	The technique of the numerical analysis of electrodynamic systems which structure includes composites or metamaterials is developed. The technique is based on use of average scattering matrixes of the spatial blocks containing fragments of non-uniform mediums. Algorithms of calculation of average scattering matrixes, based on a method of the minimal autonomous blocks and a finite element method, are proposed. The order of average scattering matrixes of non-uniform blocks is equal: 4 - for two-dimensional problems, 12 - for three-dimensional problems. The average scattering matrix completely describes electromagnetic properties of a fragment of a composite and can be used instead of effective material parameters (permittivity and permeability, chirality and nonreciprocity).
	The solving of electrodynamic problems with use of average scattering matrixes is carried out by a method of the minimal autonomous blocks. Recomposition, iterative and hybrid algorithms are used for this purpose.
	Results of the solving of problems of scattering of a plane electromagnetic wave on a flat periodic multilayered grating from elements of different types (helix, metal-dielectric strips, opened rings) are presented. 
Models of the superlenses formed of various types of metamaterials are considered. Diffraction of electromagnetic waves on different objects which structure includes metamaterials was investigated.
	Possibility of use of average scattering matrixes for the analysis of metamaterials and the systems having multiscale structure is shown.

56                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	

POSTER SESSION	
1.5	The laser deposition peculiarities of composite polymer –ceramic coatings from an active gas phase
A.V. Rahachou, N.N. Fedosenko, M.A. Yarmolenka, D.L. Harbachou
Gomel State University after Francisk Skaryna, Gomel, Belarus
The research aim is to determine the qualitative influence of laser radiation length on molecular structure of nano- and microsized layers on the basis of polymers, ceramics and metals.
It has been stated that the length value of laser radiation considerably influences the molecular structure of precipitated coatings (the ratio of crystal and amorphous areas, structure imperfection, the ration of chemical groups). It gives possibilities to form coatings with a complex of stated properties.
The method of alloying by metals of polymer and ceramic layers precipitated by laser dispersion in vacuum is introduced. It is estimated that the introduction of a metal is an efficient method to control the molecular structure of formed polymer and organic-silicon coatings precipitated from the active gas phase.
1.6	KTP crystals for nonlinear applications in high power lasers
V. A. Krakovsky1, A. A. Tick1, L. Ya. Serebrennikov2, S. M. Shandarov2, A.V.Pugovkin2, E. E. Popov2
1”Kristall – T”, Tomsk, Russia 
2State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia
Large KTP (KTiOPO4) crystals were grown from the potassium-rich K2O-P2O5 flux. An improved top-seeded solution growth (ITSSG) was carried out. The starting materials were prepared by dehydration of the mixture K2HPO4, KH2PO4 and TiO2 powder. The amount of charged material in the crucible with 40 mm in diameter and 110 mm in height was 3.5 kg in weight. The Y-oriented seed have a long side more than 30 mm in the X direction. The saturation temperature of starting solution was approximately 850 ˚C. The cooling rates in the range of 0.01÷0.09 ˚C/h during a rise were altered to obtain a linear growth for crystal profile with weight increasing. The seed was rotated at a speed of 50÷80 rpm and the direction of rotation was inverted every 60 s. Pulling rates from 0.01 mm/h to 0.04 mm/h were employed. The high-quality KTP crystal without any liquid inclusions with dimensions of 45×60×90 mm3 (320 g in weight) was obtained. The crystals grown in these conditions were used for second harmonic generation at the pumping by infrared radiation from Nd:YAG (1064 nm) and Nd:YLF (1053 nm) lasers. It was demonstrated experimentally that a damage threshold for our crystals is better than 3000 MW/cm2 for a laser with pulse duration of 10ns and repetition rate of 10 kHz.
1.7	Features of pulse laser processing of materials by ring beams
V.N. Myshkavets, A. V. Mаksimenka, P. S. Shapavalav
Gomel State University after Francisk Skaryna, Gomel, Belarus
Object of work is ascertainment influence of power density distribution of laser emission on beam section to welding deposition forming of structural steel.
Character of temperature field distribution on material surface during heat by gauss laser beam of ring и circular section is determined. 
It is determine, that for increase of process effectiveness of pulse laser welding deposition, in consequence of form factor increase, is need to use ring laser beam.

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                     57	

POSTER SESSION	
1.8	Non-linear optical structures in glasses creation by phase inhomogeneities formation and local crystallization under laser irradiation 
V.N. Sigaev1, S.V. Lotarev1, N.V. Golubev1, G.E. Malashkevich2 
1Optical Glass Center of Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, Russia
2B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
By the example of Li2O-ZnO-Nb2O5-SiO2(GeO2) glasses we show that nano-inhomogeneous structure of the glass (size, topology and chemical composition of the inhomogeneities) determines its second-order optical non-linearity (SON) and that controlled nanostructuring the glass with non-centrosymmetrical phase inhomogeneities is a promising approach to the development of a new materials class – nanostructured glasses possessing a high SON for optoelectronics, integral optics and photonics. In particular, nanoparticles which precipitate at temperatures near glass transition of glasses of appropriate compositions can manifest polar phase properties resulting in second harmonic generation (SHG) whereas the X-ray diffraction curve is quite smooth and characterizes the glass as fully amorphous. At nucleation stage, as the chemical differentiation increases, SHG signal grows up to 10 units of quartz powder standard and can be gradually varied even without further growth crystallites and keeping the glass transparent. It permits us to conclude that SHG origin in glasses is determined by the nano-scale spatial modulation of the polarizability due to nano-scale chemical differentiation as well as by polarity of the precipitated nanoparticles. 
We have suggested a technique of local crystallization of the glass by laser irradiation allowing nucleation and growth of the non-linear optical microcrystals with nearly monodisperse size distribution in any required region of the glass within a split second. 
1.9	Identification of diamonds on Raman spectra
Ya.I. Didkovskii, M.N. Kovalenko, А.А. Minko, О.N. Poklonskaya , М.R. Posledovich 
Belarussian State University, Minsk, Belarus
The aim of the report is the analysis of Raman spectra (RC) for identification of origin of various samples of diamonds. It has been studied the samples of natural and synthetic diamonds of different origin. Raman spectra of diamond samples was recorded by a spectrometer with a microscope under the same conditions for all samples: the wavelength of the laser, exciting diamond, was 532 nm, laser power was 55 mW, the lens of the microscope was 50x (the diameter of the laser beam in the focal plane was 0.8 m), scan range was 1000-3750 cm-1, the accumulation time at the definite point the spectral range was 1 s. On the base of experimental investigations it was grounded the possibility of identification of the diamonds, obtained by the method of deposition from the gas phase, on Raman spectra with high precision. It has been established that the use of RC for identification of synthetic diamonds obtained by using metal catalysts does not secure enough precision and it is necessary additional investigation. 

58                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
POSTER SESSION	
1.10	About the ability of the internal microstructure control of water-sand mixture in petroleum production systems
A. B. Gavrilovich1, I. P. Shingaryov2
1 B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics NASB, Minsk, Belarus
2 Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
In modern petroleum production a water-sand mixture being under high pressure is used in well-drilling process. It is necessary to regularly control the optimum internal microstructure of the mixture for high speed and quality of a performing production step. 
For such a control we consider the ability of application the phenomenon of electromagnetic radiation scattering by particles of the mixture. The control is based on the dependence of scattered radiation parameters on the shape and size of mixture particles. For the calculation of radiation scattering by the water-sand mixture we used T-matrix method. As a model of sand particles the Chebyshev particles were used. 
The obtained dependencies of scattering matrix elements on the mixture parameters allow defining the particle size distribution parameters. The derived spherical functions expansion coefficients of the scattering matrix elements make possible to get the ratio of the coarse and fine fractions of the mixture.
The obtained results can be used in designing the devices for real time control of the disperse systems microstructure in petroleum production.
1.11	Laser diagnostics and control over formation of the fractal structures
A. B. Gavrilovich
Minsk State High Radiotechnical Colledge, Minsk, Belarus
We give a theoretical substantiation of the possibility of laser diagnostics and control over formation of the fractal structures. The need for the setting of this problem has been generated, on the one hand, by the urgent necessity of developing a closed analytical theory combining the methods of solving of equations revealing the role of the main physical mechanisms of the laser action on the structure of a medium, and on the other hand by the requirements of the practic with the aim to the developed new laser technologies for applications in various fields of science and engineering.. The desire to take into account as large number of the main mechanisms of the light action on the particles of a medium as possible generated a need for the solution of a complex system of differential and integral equation , such as the Boltzmann vector kinetic equation for polarised radiation, the Langeven nonuniform equation, the Helmholtz vector equation for a modulated light beam, and the Smolukhovskii equation for describing the coagulation of particles in the medium. The main difficulty of the analytical consideration of the problem is associated with the solution of the radiative transfer equation. This problem has been solved by the author due to the application of the new method developed to the take into account the features of the polarisation of the particles and their complexes in the field of a laser beam. Taking into account the changes in the positions of the particles, we have described mathematically their coagulation and the formation of the scaling structure. Its change with time is represented on the polarisation patterns of fractals formed by the scattered laser radiation.
1.12	Сharacterization of low-impedance TiSix films for MOS-structures
P.J. Chudakovsky1, I.V. Ivashkevich1, A.V. Tomov1, N.I. Staskov1, N.A. Krekoten2, A.N.Petlitsky2, V.V.Kolos2
1A.A.Kuleshov Mogilev State University, Mogilev, Belarus;
2R&D Center "Belmicrosystems" of OOO "Integral", Minsk, Belarus
Results of optical spectroscopy and electronic microscopy researches of optical parameters and structures of low-impedance TiSix films formed by a method of prompt thermal processing are considered.

Conference OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                       59	

POSTER SESSION	
1.13	New polymeric material for phase optical recording in spectral range 350-370 nm
U. Mahilny, D. Marmysh, A. Stankevich
Physical Department of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus 
Glassy polymeric recording materials with diffusion amplification are of interest due to a range of attractive features. They easily form stable photosensitive layers of optical quality suitable for industrial applications and high efficiency holograms persistent to a powerful optical radiation and heating can be recorded in these layers.
In the present work the results of experimental investigation of the optical recording and thermal amplification of phase gratings in a new polymeric composition on the basis of PMMA and benzophenone are presented. The phase gratings were recorded by exposure of the samples to incoherent UV light λ=365 nm through a mask that provided a periodic intensity distribution and by interference patterns of pulse Nd:YAG laser radiation (λ=355 nm). Postexposure heat treatment of the layers has been shown to result in amplification of the gratings and the kinetics of the process was in accordance with its diffusion nature. Photo- and thermostability of the gratings after amplification allows to conclude, that in the layers a photoattachment of benzophenone photoproduct to PMMA occurs followed by diffusion relaxation of benzophenone concentration inhomogeneity. Modulation of the refraction index 1.6•10-3 was achieved for the layer containing benzophenone with molar fraction 2 %. Optimization of optical recording conditions is discussed.
1.14	Solution composition influence on the optical characteristics of liquid-containing composite materials
T. Pulko, P. Safrankov, N.Nasonova
Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, Minsk , Belarus
We studied the spectral brightness of the machine-knitted fabrics having a developed surface. The material does not ensure polarization of the reflected visible light and its spectral brightness is within the interval from 1.0 to 1.2 in the wavelength range 440…1040 nm. The results indicate that the material is visible well against the underlay. We used various solutions in order to obtain different optical characteristics of the fabric.
In order to measure the radiance spectral density of the samples we used a goniometric set-up with a spectropolarimeter. 
The samples of the material impregnated with water and aqueous solutions of NaCl and C3H5OH possess spectral brightness characteristic decrease down to 0.6…0.9. The reflected light is partially polarized (degree of polarization < 0.1).
The spectral characterization of the material impregnated with the aqueous solution of alkaline-earth metal salt covered with a crystalline hydrophilic polymer showed that the modification of the material surface ensures spectral brightness decrease as a result of reflected light polarization ensured by nanosized inclusions of liquid of the sample surface. A specific polyhidride compound of the metal salt aqueous solution and polymer within the capillars is formed possessing specific optical properties. 

60                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	

POSTER SESSION	
1.15	Precise control of three dimensional products
S.A. Koreniako, A.M. Leonov
United institute of informatics problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Belarus, Minsk
Automatization of manufacturing with use of three-dimensional systems is one of the most urgent problems of world science. It can be solved by using stereophotography and structured laser illumination, to let the measuring with an accuracy of about Δ=0,0003 L, where L-distance to the object. By decreasing the distance we can provide virtually any accuracy, however the measurements period becomes unacceptable for practical use of such systems. 
It is proposed to solve the problem of productivity with use of high-speed scanning system: 
-	оptico-electronic unit and the measured object are moving continuously relative to each other;
-	laser beam scanning creates illuminated parallel lines on object, filling the entire test surface during the exposure;
-	developed in UIIP scanning system provides the possibility of illumination with speed up to 20 million pixels per second, which allows to make an exposure for hundredth parts of second.
1.16	Dynamics of light-induced absorption and photoconductivity in Bi12TiO20 crystals
M. G. Kisteneva1, A. S. Akrestina1, D.O. Sivun1, R.V. Kiselev1, S. M. Shandarov1, S. V. Smirnov1, A.L. Tolstik2, I.N. Agishev2, A. Stankevich2, Yu. F. Kargin3
1 Department of Electronic Devices, State University of Control System and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia
2 Physical Faculty, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
3 Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Sciences of the RAS, Moscow, Russia
We report the results concerning an evolution of the light-induced absorption specified by picoseconds laser pulses and a time behavior of photoconductivity induced by CW and pulse radiation in photorefractive bismuth titanium oxide (Bi12TiO20) crystals. A Bi12TiO20 crystal was exposed with laser pulses with duration of 70 ps, pulse repetition frequency from 1 to 15 Hz at the wavelength λ = 532 nm. The dynamics of changes in the crystal transmittance was carried out for light beam at the wavelength of 633 nm from a CW He-Ne laser. We observed that transmittance was reduced for light beam at the wavelength of 633 nm. The dynamics of photoconductivity in Bi12TiO20 crystals exposed by CW laser radiation ( = 1064 and 532 nm) and by nanosecond pulses (532 nm) was studied under applied voltage from 1000 to 3000 V. It was found that time evolution of photoconductivity following the lighting by CW radiation as well as the dark decay of conductivity consists of fast and slow parts with different characteristic time. The photoconductivity is rapidly increased for the first stage both at 532 and 1064 nm. Thereafter we observed an enhancement of conductivity by lighting at 532 nm and decay of one at 1064 nm. To explain the experimental results we developed the theoretical model, which taking into account the donor-trap pairs comprising both two closely located defects and shallow traps permitting photo- and thermo-excitation of captured electrons into band of conductivity.

Conference OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                        61	
POSTER SESSION	
1.17	In-situ and ex-situ monitoring of the growth of VO2+x phases by laser pyrolysis at controlled laser wavelength and power density
L. Shikwambana1, 4, M. Govender1, 4, A. Forbes1, 2, B. W. Mwakikunga1,3, 4 E. Sideras-Haddad4,5, R. Erasmus4
1 CSIR National Laser Centre, Pretoria, South Africa
2 School of Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
3 Department of Physics and Biochemical Sciences, The Polytechnic, University of Malawi, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi
4 School of Physics, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
5iThemba LABS, Jan Smuts & Empire Rd., Johannesburg, South Africa
Online observation of an otherwise invisible flame in laser pyrolysis of a precursor liquid containing VCl3 in ethanol (leading to vanadium alkoxide) is monitored by a specialised infrared camera for the calculation of temperatures at the laser-beam – precursor-aerosol interaction point. Also, laser pyrolysed VO2+x deposition are collected on glass when (1) the laser wavelength is kept constant at 10.6 m while the laser power is varied at 12 power settings and (2) the laser power is kept constant at 30W while the wavelength is varied at 8 allowed levels. We report the role of annealing in argon at 500oC for 17 hrs on the morphology and vibrational properties of VO2+x phases. It is found that the deposition either leads to thin films with islands and/or humps with cracks. Raman spectroscopy both in the cracks and on the slabs consistently shows the VO2 phonon twinned bands at 192 cm-1 and 224 cm-1but shows absence of the main VO2 phonon band at 617 cm-1 V2O5 phonon bands are not equivocally observed. This leads to the discussion of an interesting open question on whether the laser pyrolysis of vanadium alkoxide is a photo-chemical or a photo-thermal process or both in different degrees. 
Section 2. On-line control of quality of products and fabrication processes
2.1	An improved method of nondispersive correlation spectroscopy for the total atmospheric sulphur dioxide column measurements
N. S. Miatselskaya, V. P. Kabashnikov
Stepanov Institute of Physics, National academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Sulphur dioxide is an atmospheric trace gas that may have an impact on the climate and negative effects on human health. When determining abundance of trace species in the atmosphere, it is necessary to compare measurements from different remote sounding instruments. The most widely used technique to retrieve the total atmospheric SO2 column from measurements by spectrometers is Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS). A method of nondispersive correlation spectroscopy (gas filter method) can be used for intercomparison purposes. However, ozone interference has a strong impact on total atmospheric SO2 column measurements using the nondispersive correlation method. We develop a technique to reduce the effect of interfering ozone. Numerical calculations have been made to investigate theoretical sensitivities and selectivities of the improved nondispersive correlation method. We have calculated the theoretical response of a ground-based gas-filter correlation radiometer for remote sounding of the total atmospheric SO2 column. The error caused by ozone interference is shown to be less than 30 % when measuring natural background level of SO2.

62                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
POSTER SESSION	
2.2	Mobile laser spectroanalyzer based on erbium glass laser
E. A. Ershov-Pavlov, K. Yu. Catsalap, G. I. Ryabcev, M. V. Bogdanovich
B.I.Stepanov Institute pf Physics of NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) methods of elemental analysis are considered nowadays among the most promising ones due to possibility of remote probing and in-situ analysis in field applications. However, environmental protection, forensic, military and space exploration applications require mobile solutions of such setups due to a complexity of specimen extraction and collection. 
In this work, the setup of mobile laser spectroanalyzer based on compact spectrometer and erbium glass laser with the semiconductor laser pumping is built. Results of the testing of quantitative and qualitative elemental analyzing capabilities of the setup are shown. The measurement techniques are based on LIBS principles. The using of the laser pulsed mode and the synchronization of recording system and laser pulse gives a significant advantage in a signal-to-noise ratio and an ablation mass reduction. The setup parameters are compared with the ones of a conventional laser spectroanalyzer setup. The comparison shows a significant potential of such mobile solutions.
2.3	Laser spectrochemical monitoring of aerial pollution of green plantings by anti-ice accretion reagents
M.V. Belkov1, V.S. Burakov1, V.V. Kiris1, I.A. Maksimova2, S.N. Raikov1, A.V.Sudnik2
1Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
2Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
The analysis of aerial pollution of green plantings along Minsk ring road by components of salt (mainly by chlorine) was carried out. For rapid chlorine determination the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was used. The increase of emission spectra intensity was carried out at imposing on laser ablation plasma of the pulsed electrical discharge. The fundamental (1.06 µm) harmonic of a compact Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with a pulse duration of 6-8 ns is employed. Tungsten wire electrodes with the 3 mm gap have been set at a distance of 1.5 mm from the sample surface. The laser ablation plume seals-in the electric circuit containing a low-inductive 1 F capacitor charged to 4 kV. In this mode much larger energy deposition in the local volume containing the analyte can be realised. Comparative analyses of accumulation of salt components in the samples collected from trees along Minsk ring road with the control ones has shown, that the content of chlorine in 3.7-5.5 times exceeds the control values. The degree of pollution and damage of green plantings by salt components depends on the position of trees concerning the road. Significant reliable correlation dependences between these parameters have been revealed.

Conference OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                        63	
POSTER SESSION	
2.4	Photoacoustic detection of gases with the help of a distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser operated at 5.3 m
A.V.Gorelik1, A.L.Ulasevich1, M.O.Robov2, V.A.Firago2, V.S.Starovoitov1
1B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics, NASB, Minsk, Belarus
2Belarus State University, Minsk, Belarus
The spectral wavelength region near 5.3 µm is of special interest for laser-spectroscopy-based analysis of trace gases (such, for instance as CO, CO2, NO, O3, N2O, CH4, NH3, C2H2, PH3, COF2). In the report we discuss the capabilities of quantum cascade laser (QCL) operated at room temperatures in the wavelength range from 5.26 to 5.29 m for application in photoacoustic gas sensing. We analyze results of experiments where water vapor and nitric oxide are detected in air or nitrogen flows using a commercial distributed-feedback periodically-pulsed temperature-controlled QCL and a compact photoacoustic cell adapted to high-sensitivity operation at an acoustic resonance near 2 kHz. The spectral broadening of laser oscillation and the measurement sensitivity are estimated for different regimes of current modulation. The represented experimental setup can be considered as a laboratory prototype for the compact QCL-based photoacoustic analyzer of trace gases in exhaled human breath.
2.5	Transformation of Gaussian light beam into Bessel one for control systems
G.V. Kulak1, A.E. Anisimova1, P.I. Ropot2
1Mozyr’ State Pedagogical University, Mozyr’, Belarus 
2B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, NASB, Minsk, Belarus 
The collinear acoustooptical interaction of light beams in the optically biaxial crystals including gyrotropic ones on conditions of internal conical refraction is investigated. The dependencies of the diffraction efficiency on ultrasonic intensities and the length of the acoustooptical interaction are established. Comparative analysis of acoustooptical diffraction in gyrotropic and nongyrotropic crystals is conducted. It is shown that Gaussian incident light beam may be transformed into Bessel diffracted beam of zero or first order.
2.6	Methods for narrow hollow light beams formation
A. A. Ryzhevich, S.V.Solonevich
B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics of NAS of Belarus, Belarus
Methods for formation of light beams with local spatial intensity minima of different types are proposed and experimentally realized. The methods are based on use of linear-optical phase elements of the special form. Fields with local intensity minima obtained as result of phase transformation are comparable on the transversal sizes, power and intensity gradient with the initial Gaussian beam, focused by the spherical lens. Optical schemes are mounted using lightfastness optical elements and permit to form powerful laser fields, applicable for both manipulation by microparticles, and laser processing of materials, particularly, for laser micro-welding of metals. Using the phase element with the plane symmetry one can select the optimal laser beam profile, providing  absence of burning-through and maximal strength of weld at given laser radiation power.

64                                                                      June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
POSTER SESSION	
2.7	Remote sensing of the Earth
S.A. Koreniako, A.M. Leonov
United institute of informatics problems of the National Academy of Siences of Belarus
Creation the system of three-dimensional remote sensing of the Earth and located objects for solving the tasks of planning, building and exploitation of constructions, prevention and liquidation of extreme situations is considered. 
Calculations and experimental research of laser scanning systems, certified by certifications of authorships and patents, were carried out in the United institute of informatics problems. It is shown that the laser radars with measurement accuracy of about 1 cm and performance from several hundreds to several millions pixels/sec. could be created on the basis of such systems.
Section 4. Tools for nanoimaging and nanocharacterization
4.1	Structure of nanosize polymer sensor layers
A.V. Rahachou, A.I. Egorov
Gomel State University after Francisk Skaryna, Gomel, Belarus 
Structure of thin vacuum polymer based coatings and sensitivity of quartz microbalance sensors with these functional coatings were studied. The data about chemical structure of cellulose coatings are reported. It is shown that cellulose based coatings have high sorption properties and may be use for gas sensing layers.
4.2	A modeling of band structure and a formation of spontaneous polarized LB-clusters of carbon nanotubes
H.V. Krylova, B. G. Shulitsky, L.V. Baran
Physics Department, Belarusan State University, Minsk, Belarus
Belarusan State University of informatics and radioelectronics, Minsk, Belarus
Energy bands and electron states for twisted carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been obtained in graphene approximation and with a help of  Foldy - Wouthuysen transformation. Spontaneous polarized thin Langmuir - Blodgett (LB) films have been formed. It was shown that the spontaneous polarization of LB-CNT-clusters is related with a coherence of current over the periodically arranged nanotubes. Structural investigations carried out by atomic force microscopy have revealed occurrence of high anisotropic LB-clusters at supports of different types.

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                     65	
POSTER SESSION	
Section 5. Application of functionalized nanoparticles
5.1	Antibacterial nanocomposite coatings on the basis of polymers formed from an active gas phase
A.V. Rahachou1, D.V. Tapalski2, A.A. Rogachev1, M.A. Yarmolenka1, D.L.Harbachou1
1Gomel State University after Francisk Skaryna, Gomel, Belarus
2Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus 
The peculiarities of formation from an active gas phase and molecular structure of thin composite metalized (PTFE+Аg) and polymer-organic (PU or PTFE and ciproflocsacin) coatings have been stated. It is estimated that the coatings represent fine-grained systems, the compounds of which preserve the initial molecular structure and possess an antibacterial activity. At the same time, the composite coatings on the basis of polyurethane and ciproflocsacin develop a durable action, preserve higher resistance to washing in isotactic solution of sodium chlorides.
It is indicated that the coatings PTFE+Аg (the average size of metal particles is 20 nm) show high antibacterial activity on test cultures (S.aureus, E.coli, Candida albicans).
The polymer nature of a composite argentiferous layer determines its antibacterial activity by blocking or assisting the releasing of a metal from a polymer matrix.
On the basis of comparative analysis of the introduced methodology of antibacterial coatings formation with the known analogues is shown high availability of using such layers in medicine with the implant modification purpose. 
5.2	Molecular architecture and optical properties of vacuum nanocomposite metalpolymer coatings on PTFE basis
A.V. Rahachou, A.A. Rogachev, M.A. Yarmolenka
Gomel State University after Francisk Skaryna, Gomel, Belarus
The peculiarities of molecular organization in thin layers of polytetrafluorethylene filled with nanoparticles of Ag, Cu, Mo precipitated from an active gas phase have been studied. The formation of the active gas phase has been produced by electron beam dispersion of origin components in vacuum. The size structure effect in such layers and its dependence on the nature of a metal has been studied. Dichroism of thin nanocomposite coatings has been examined by the method of polarization IR- Fourier spectroscopy using attenuated total reflection unit. The morphology of coatings has been studied by transparent (TEM), atomic-force (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods.
It is estimated that the introduction of a metal (Ag, Cu) leads to the formation of ordered layers at less efficient thickness of a coating. The analysis of absorption peculiarities of such structures at ultraviolet and visible range helps estimate the formation of surface plasma resonance which appears in composite coatings containing Ag clusters, the size of which in accordance with TEM data is less than 30 nm, while absorbing at short range from 400 to 550 nm. 

66                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
POSTER SESSION	
5.3	Genetic Effects of Carbon Nanoparticles in Mouse and Human Cells
I.B. Mosse, P. M. Marozik, L. N. Kostrova, D.A. Ushakova
Institute of Genetics & Cytology NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Nanotechnologies today are one of the most perspective scientific and technical engineering. The effects of nanomaterials on environment and human health are investigated not enough. There are 3 main pathways of nanoparticles invasion to the body – oral, inhaled and through the skin.
The studies of nanoparticle effects on human organism, performed in vitro and in vivo, evidence the multiple health effects. The data on genetic effects of nanoparticles are controversial, however they are most important, as they may accumulate in populations as genetic load and be inherited by subsequent generations.
In present work the ability of carbon nanoparticles to induce genetic damages in germ and somatic cells was analyzed. The studies were performed in vivo and in vitro using cytogenetic methods and cell viability test.
The results on mice in vivo shown that effects of carbon nanoparticles, injected by oral, inhaled or  combined pathways, did not caused any increase in reciprocal translocations in germ cells, but increased single and double fragment level in bone marrow cells. Cultured human keratinocytes were used as a model imitating skin pathway of nanoparticles. There was no decrease in colony forming ability of these cells compared to control ones.
5.4	Multicolor compositions of cadmium selenium nanoparticles and dye molecules with β- cyclodextrin inclusion complexes 
M.M. Asimov
Institute of Physics NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
The results of spectral fluorescence properties of new heterogeneous multicolor compositions on the base of cadmium selenium (CdSe) nanoparticles and inclusion complexes of dye molecules with β- cyclodextrin are presented. Spectral properties of proposed compositions of matter investigated in water solutions and thin films. It is shown that new multicolor materials with specially fixed spectral properties could be applied in document protection and verification. It is considered that signals from compositions of cadmium selenium nanoparticles and dye molecules may be combined to define spectral codes for tracking or verification of documents as well as different things. Calibration signals within spectral codes guarantee high reliability in practical application of proposed compositions of CdSe nanoparticles and inclusion complexes of dye molecules with β- cyclodextrin. Spectroscopic method of express analysis the size of nanoparticles during the process of their synthesis and purification is presented. Different combination of heterogeneous multicolor compositions of nanoparticles and dye molecules with the fluorescence spectra in wide spectral range is discussed.  

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                     67	
POSTER SESSION	
5.5	Polarized and birefringent properties of polymeric films modified by silver nanoparticles
V. E. Agabekov1, N. A. Ivanova1, T. G. Kosmacheva1, V. A. Dlugunovich2, A. V. Tsaruk2
1 Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2 B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Scattering properties of a stretched polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films modified with silver nanoparticles and illuminated by a 0.63 μm linear polarized He-Ne laser radiation were investigated. In the range of the scattered angles from 20° to 80° the bidirectional reflectance of the stretched and cross-linked by UV irradiation PVA film with mass concentration of Ag nanoparticles of 0.6% differs on one order for the incident radiation co- and cross-polarized to the film stretching. At this range of the scattered angles this film may be used as a reflective linear polarizer with polarizance ~0.8 and with the near diffuse angular distribution of the reflected radiation. In addition the bidirectional reflectance of this film is on near two orders higher than the bidirectional reflectance of only stretched film. Only stretched but did not cross-linked PVA film modified by Ag nanoparticles is amplitude isotropic in reflection. It was shown that all investigated films are amplitude isotropic in transmission. In this case oriented PVA films modified by Ag nanoparticles are phase anisotropic and can be used as uniaxial retarders. The incident linear polarized light with the principle angle of polarization differ from 0 or 90° to the film orientation direction passing the modified PVA films is transformed into elliptically polarized. Ellipticity of the transmitted radiation depends on the nanoparticle concentration, technological processing of the films and their thickness.
Session 6. Physical simulation of sensors and control systems
6.1	Applicable data using for identification model development
M. Tatur, D. Adzinets, M. Lukashevich, S. Bairak
Intellectual Processors Ltd, Minsk, Belarus
We have proposed method for construction of identification model on basis of initial known data about recognition applied problem. This information is taken into account by the use of settings changing and allows flexible adaptation for various applications. The main functionality: parametrizating of informative features, usage of arithmetic and logical components for decision-making. The model is application-oriented for description of decision-making process in various systems of pattern recognition (diagnostics, nondestructive control, etc.). The intellectual measuring hardware-software complexes can be developed on the basis of the given model.

68                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
POSTER SESSION	
6.2	Transformation of topological structure of singular light beams by multiwave mixing in resonant media
O.G. Romanov, A. L. Tolstik, D.V. Gorbach 
Laser Physics and Spectroscopy Department, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
The permanent interest taken recently in the singular optics accounts for the wide opportunities of using light beams with a spiral dislocation of the wavefront for optically trapping and manipulating microparticles, creating waveguide structures of a specified shape, conducting practical calculations, etc.
In this work, a method for transforming the topological structure of a singular light beams under multiwave mixing in the media with resonant nonlinearity is justified theoretically and realized experimentally. The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show, the configurations of the multiwave mixing in resonant media can be used to change the sign of the topological charge of singular light beams with simultaneous multiplication by the parameter corresponding to the order of diffraction of the reading wave from the nonlinear dynamic grating. Analysis of stability conditions for the optical vortices arising in the six- and eight-wave interactions shows that they can be implemented under typical experimental conditions.
The transformation of a topological structure of the singular light beams with their simultaneous frequency transformation has been experimentally performed in the ethanol solution of polymethine dye 3274U with a record of transmitting-type dynamic holograms in the scheme of the co-propagating reference light beam and signal singular beam.
6.3	Amplitude modulation of radiation using two connected resonators
V.A.Pilipovich, А.I.Konoiko, A.I.Mitkovets
B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physica of NAS Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Existing now optical schemes of multibeam interferometers type the Fabri-Perot, which can be applied to the purposes of amplitude modulation of laser radiation, assume presence of partially transmitted mirrors for radiation input in interferometer (resonator) that leads to low efficiency of their work. These mirrors cause big light losses. Therefore, a method of amplitude modulation of polarized radiation on the basis of cross-section electrooptical effect and a multibeam interference is of interest, which can be realized by means of radiation input lost-free in the system consisting of two connected Q- switch resonators.
Two-beam Michelson interferometer is well-known. At input in both shoulders of interferometer of phase electrooptical elements with the cross-section applied electric field, we will obtain the laser shutter possessing operating pressure 2 times smaller, than at existing now. Presence of the high light losses on a beam splitter will be its essential disadvantage. If one more reflector is introduced into the optical scheme of two-beam Michelson interferometer, we obtain the optical system of two channel multibeam interferometer with the connected resonators into which energy is given practically without essential losses. Therefore, it is interesting to consider optical properties of such laser shutter.
In the present paper the mechanisms of amplitude modulation of laser radiation are considered using two connected resonators. The optical schemes of laser shutters providing high efficiency of modulation are offered at low volume of operating voltage which will make up value of U/8 order.

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                     69	
POSTER SESSION	
6.4	Laser beam apodization with biaxial crystal 
A. A. Ryzhevich, S. V.Solonevich 
B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics of NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
The method for apodization of powerful laser light beams was developed and realized. The method optical scheme is based on the biaxial crystal oriented along its binormal. The method permits to decrease the diameter of laser beam without increasing its divergence and without undesirable distortions into distribution of intensity of output beam. Moreover, the beams obtained using the described method diverge and are focused like usual Gaussian beams. Optical elements allow to apodize smoothly powerful laser beams, both pulsed, and continuous. The developed method of apodization of axial-symmetrical light beams is rather simple for realization. Its coefficient of efficiency is about 50%. The method does not lead to such undesirable phenomena as distortion from diffraction and radial modulation of intensity. The method is perspective for use in nanotechnologies for manipulating particles on the principle of laser tweezer, for technological processing of materials, for influence on organic cells and its components, and also in interferometry and profilometry. It is possible to transfer apodized beams at large distances and apply them for investigation of long transparent media such as, for example, gases and liquids. 
Session 7. Medical diagnostics and Point of Care Testing
7.1	Features of tissue probing by conic light beams
E.S. Petrova1, L.I. Kramoreva2
1 Gomel State Technical University, Gomel, Belarus
2 Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus
In experiments on simulation of tissue probing by the coherent light beam a biological tissue can be represented as multilayer medium. Under this condition the main optical effects are an electro-magnetic radiation absorption and scattering. In the general case a living tissue containing a fibra collagena or any elastinic protofibril is the natural gyrotropic medium. Therefore, the knowledge about objective laws of reflection and refraction for the probing radiation at the multilayer medium boundary is the necessary conditions for the high-quality diagnostics, for example, in the field of polarizing sensitive tomography. 
The advantage of use of quasi-nondiffractive light beam as the probing beam has been demonstrated by many research groups. The appropriate combination of cone angle value and the beam focal length leads to the improvement of axial – lateral resolution of diagnostic optical system and imaging quality of sample.
In the present paper we modeled biotissue by the two – layer model and used Bessel light beam with linear and circular polarization as the probing beam. The boundary problems for the reflection and refraction of linear and circular polarized Bessel beams in gyrotropic lays, lays with absorption and the combination of lays are solved. Features of natural gyrotropic medium influence on reflection and refraction coefficients are analyzed 

70                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
POSTER SESSION	
7.2	Intracellular Accumulation of chlorin e6 and chlorin e6 dimethylester by activated T- Lymphocytes
V.P.Savitski1, M.А.Logatskaya1,2, V.P. Zorin2 
1Belarusian Center for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Minsk, Belarus
2Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of sensitizer accumulation by different immune cells represents a critical point of current PDT-based approaches for the treatment of immune diseases. In our study the ability of intact activated and resting human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes to bind and retain photosensitizers with different physicochemical properties was estimated. Laser confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to analyze the kinetics of  chlorin e6 and chlorin e6 dimethylester localization in blood cells. The expression of T-lymphocyte markers and intensity of cell-associated chlorins fluorescence were determined by flow cytometry at different time point after phytohemagglutinin stimulation. Activated T-lymphocytes accumulated higher amounts of chlorines as compared to their resting counterparts. Phytohemagglutinin-activated T-lymphocytes displayed approximately 1,7 and 4,0 times greater uptake of chlorine e6 and their dimethylester correspondingly than resting cells. Strong positive correlation between sensitizer accumulation, phototoxicity and expression of the activation marker (HLA-DR). 
7.3	Laser radiation influence on transport phenomena in a bio-tissue
A. A. Ryzhevich1, S.V.Solonevich1, T. A. Zheleznyakova2 
1 B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics of NAS of Belarusn Minsk, Belarus
2 The Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
Different mechanisms of laser radiation influence on the chemical transport inside bio-tissue are investigated. The average size of speckles existing inside bio-tissue and the radiation intensity in them are estimated experimentally. Gradient and jet forces acting on the and micro-volume inside tissue as result of irregular light field are calculated at different average light intensities including therapeutic. Using theoretical simulation taking into account nonequilibrium light absorption in structural elements of bio-tissue it is obtained that the coherent light influences on the chemical transport more strongly in comparison with incoherent one. 
7.4	Effect of He-Ne Laser Irradiation on Erythrocyte Membrane
G.I. Kurilo, J.V. Kruchenok, A.N. Sobchuk, N.A. Nemkovich
B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
We have investigated the structural changes of erythrocyte membrane induced by He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) irradiation using fluorescent probe method. A new ketocyanine dye, 2,5-di[(E)-1-(4-diethylaminophenyl)methylidene]-1-cyclopentanone (CPET) was used as fluorescent probe.  The position of CPET fluorescence spectrum depends strongly on the environment polarity due to a considerable change in CPET dipole moment after excitation.  CPET molecules noncovalently bound to the erythrocyte membranes in sites of two types and have two bands in fluorescence spectrum. The short-wavelength band corresponds to the fluorescence of monomer probe molecules from deeper membrane regions, whereas the long-wavelength band results from the emission of probe molecules located near the membrane surface.  In surface’s sites CPET molecules form the intermolecular hydrogen bond with water molecules. The short-wavelength band provides information on micropolarity and structural relaxation in the membranes, whereas the long-wavelength band gives information on membrane surface hydration. The ratio between short- and long-wavelength bands depends on the transmebrane potential. The changes of the two emission bands of CPET  in unirradiated and irradiated erythrocytes were detected as a result of decreasing of transmebrane potential in exposed erythrocytes.

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                     71	
POSTER SESSION	
7.5	Checking of sharing the absorption of light by blood in systems of the diagnostics of ekstrakorporal type
А. B. Gavrilovich
Minsk State High Radiotechnical Colledge, Minsk, Belarus
	The Presented method and results of studies of sharing the absorption in limited volume blood in condition of the optical irradiation in device ekstrakorporal type. In base of this method lies the analytical decision of the equation of transfer radiation in 3D-geometries for volume blood. Explored sharing the absorption multiple scattered ultraviolet radiation. Founded spectrums of absorption abilities and positions zones of the efficient irradiation erythrocits and their unit for unadulterated and diluted blood. The most probable mechanism of the influence of the radiation is concluded in stimulation of the functional activity erytrocyts, which increases as a result of liberations their membrane layer from accumulated products inflammatory reaction. For irradiation use the devices an interkorporal and ekstrakorporal of types. The Blood presents itself optical thick disperse medium with low transmission factor. The exctinction of radiation in such medium occurs to account of the acts of the multiple scattering. So irradiated volume blood refer to class powerfully scattering three-dimensional object. The unadulterated blood this multicomponent disperse medium, consisting of optical active element, basically, erytrocyts, leukocyts and trombocyts. Erytrocitys contains in itself molecules of the haemoglobin, which easy acidify in molecules oxyhaemoglobins, defining thereby necessary saturation blood by oxygen. Relatively weak absorption of the radiation in each act of the scattering vastly increases to account high кратности scattering in volume of the blood. So correct estimation to efficiency of the irradiation erytrocyts of blood requires the decisions of the complex problem to theories of the transfer for multiple transfer radiations in limited volume. The results of the diagnostics of the sharing the absorption of the light erytrocyts and their unit be of interest for improvement of methods of the clinical studies.
7.6	Nanosensing based on LB-CNT-clusters to register a functioning of membrane-dependent biological reactions
A.I. Drapeza, H.V. Grushevskaya, V. V. Hrushevsky, I. V. Lipnevich, T. I. Orekhovskaya, B. G. Shulitsky, Yu. M. Sudnik, G. N. Semenkova, N. G. Krylova, T. A. Kulahava
Physics Department, Belarusan State University, Minsk, Belarus
Belarusan State University of informatics and radioelectronics, Minsk, Belarus
A nanocomposite biofunctional high-anisotropic sensor coating based on multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNT) and manufactured by a Langmuir - Blodgett technology has been proposed. The coating has been utilized to register processes of molecular recognition like to antigen-antibody interactions and biochemical interactions of monolayer cellular structures with a physiological environment. It was shown that polarization of capacity sensors containing LB-CNT-clusters depends on a cell monolayer oxidation-reduction potential and a specificity of interaction for antibodies being part of biofunctional coating formed at different conditions of deposition.

72                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
POSTER SESSION	
7.7	Novel indolocarbazoles and oligophenylenevinylenes fluorescence probes
N. A. Nemkovich1, H. Detert2
1B.I.Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2Institute of Organic Chemistry, J. Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
The molecular, spectral and temporal fluorescence characteristics of new indolocarbazoles and oligophenylenevinylenes fluorescence probes in organic solvents and protein complexes are studied. The dipole moments of indolocarbazoles were measured by electrooptical absorption measurements (EOAM). The excited state lifetime of indolocarbazole derivatives increases with increasing polarity and viscosity of the environment. The binding of indolocarbazoles with trypsinogen and human serum albumin increases the fluorescence intensity, changes the intensity ratio of fluorescence bands, and increases the average excited state lifetime of indolocarbazoles. The analysis of the instantaneous fluorescence spectra and fluorescence decay parameters at different wavelengths revealed the existence of several types of probe binding sites in proteins. The results from EOAM on the ground and excited Franck-Condon state dipole moments and absorption and fluorescence spectra of five quadrupol and two nonquadrupol oligophenylenevinylenes are presented. It was found that for qudrupol dyes the dipole moments in the equilibrium ground and excited Franck-Condon state are not equal zero. Experimental results are compared with results of quantum-chemical recalculations. The perspectives of applications of novel probes in biophysics and biomedicine are discussed.
7.8	Novel fluorescent probes with intramolecular single- and double- proton transfer for biomedical diagnostics
N.A. Nemkovich1, G.I. Kurilo1, J.V. Kruchenok1, A.N. Sobchuk1, V.G. Pivovarenko2, A.N. Rubinov1
1B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, Kyiv, Ukraine
The spectral and time-resolved fluorescence characteristics of 4’-dimethylamino-3-hydroxyflavone (FME) and 2,8-di(4-dimethylaminophenyl)- and 2,8-di(4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-4H,6H-pyrano[3,2-g]-chromene-4,6-dione (DFME and DFOM, diflavonols) in organic solvents and biomembranes are studied. The presence in the excited state of two molecular forms, the normal form and the phototautomer, was established for flavonol and diflavonols. The phototautomer arises due to intramolecular transfer of one or two protons after optical excitation. The ground and excited Franck-Condon state electrical dipole moments for normal forms of FME and DFME were measured by electrooptical absorption method. The maximal dipole moment of DFME in excited Franck-Condon state is equal to (73.2  0.5)·10-30 C·m in 1,4-dioxane. The excited state lifetimes of flavonols were measured in organic solvents at different wavelengths. >From our steady-state fluorescence measurements follows, that position of normal fluorescence maximum of diflavonols shifts to the long-wavelength spectral region with increasing of solvent polarity, and the ratio of the normal to phototautomer fluorescence peak intensities increases too. The position of normal fluorescence spectrum depends strongly on the environment polarity due to a considerable change in dipole moment of normal form after excitation. We have demonstrated the application of diflavonols for two-wavelength detection of local micropolarity in the erythrocyte membranes.

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                     73	
POSTER SESSION	
7.9	Subnanosecond Spectrofluorimetry of New Indolocarbazole Probes in Solutions and Protein Complexes
J.V. Kruchenok1, N.A. Nemkovich1, A.N. Sobchuk1, E.A. Chernyavskiі2, V.M. Shkumatov2, N. Wrobel3
1B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
2Research Institute of Physicochemical Problems, Belarussian State University, Minsk, Belarus
3Institute of Organic Chemistry, J. Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
Indolocarbazoles exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities, including anticancer, neuroprotecting, hypotensive, antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal effects. The spectral and temporal characteristics of new 6,12-dimethoxyindolo[3,2-b]carbazole, 5,11-dimethyl-6,12-dimethoxyindolo[3,2-b]carbazole, and 5,11-dihexyl-6,12-di(hexyloxy)indolo[3,2-b]carbazole fluorescence probes in organic solvents and protein complexes were studied. The excited state lifetime of indolocarbazole derivatives increases with increasing polarity and viscosity of the environment. The 5,11-dimethyl-6,12-dimethoxyindolo[3,2-b]carbazole was chosen for investigation its complexes with physiologically important globular proteins, trypsinogen (inactive proenzyme of proteolytic ferment trypsin) and human serum albumin, which is responsible for the transport of various substances in blood plasma. The binding of indolocarbazole with trypsinogen and human serum albumin increases the fluorescence intensity, changes the intensity ratio of two fluorescence bands, and increases the average excited state lifetime of indolocarbazoles. The analysis of the instantaneous fluorescence spectra and fluorescence decay parameters at different wavelengths reveal the existence of several types of probe binding sites in proteins. It is found that the fluorescence characteristics of indolocarbazole depend on the conformational rearrangements of trypsinogen due to heating.
7.10	Visualization of eye structure under the condition of tissue scattering in optical coherence tomography
L.I. Kramoreva1, Yu.I. Rozhko2
1 Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus
2 The Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Gomel, Belarus
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new modality that provides subsurface micro–structural images in noninvasive manner. By measuring singly back–scattered light as a function of depth, OCT has the potential to image the tissue structure of eye with a high resolution and sensitivity. It is of importance for a diagnostics of scattering structures inside a cornea, for a quantitative imaging of the optic disc in glaucoma, for an evaluation of retinal thickness, ect. Improvement of axial – lateral resolution is a very important problem in OCT. It depends on a focal length and a radius of focused probe coherent beam. Furthermore, a restriction of OCT – method is closely connected with a problem of tissue light-scattering. We discuss disadvantages of OCT – method and problems connecting with the resolution and imaging quality improvement of tomography due to the use of conical beam as the probing one.
We propose the optical scheme design for the generation of Bessel – like beam with smoothed axis oscillations in the intensity within focal length of beam. The structure of new conical beam similar to the structure of Bessel light beam, but it has the small angle of cone and very large focal length. Such beams are very promising for the improvement of imaging quality in optical tomography.

74                                                                       June 15-19, Minsk, Belarus	
POSTER SESSION	
7.11	Investigation of structurally-functional properties of erythrocites by optical methods
E. K. Naumenko
B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus.
	Optical methods are irreplaceable means for the all-round nondestructive control of such fragile objects as biological tissues and cells. The methods of optics of scattering medium were developed and used for deciding some tasks linked with diagnostics of blood and erythrocites    	With reference to problems of an optical coherent tomography, the influence of glucose addition to specimens of diluted blood on the transmission spectrums have been investigated by experimentally and by simulation. Results of numerical modelling have shown, that the essential optical cleaning of blood can be achieved, but only at the concentrations of glucose, considerably exceeding physiological norm. Received experimental data do not confirm predicted blood optical clearing by using of glucose as the immersion liquid: transmission is decreasing for all wavelengths with the addition of glucose solution, as a result of erythrocite interaction  with an environment.
	A model of changes in erythrocyte sizes at osmotic imbalance in a hypotonic medium is designed under the assumption of free diffusion of water throught erythrocyte membranes. The mechanisms of the formation of the scattering properties of polydisperse erythrocyte suspensions depending on a degree of osmotic balance infringement are studied with accounting for erythrocyte swelling and its hemolysis. Satisfactory agreement between computational and experimental data certifies the adequacy of the proposed model and also provides a foundation for a new optical method of determining osmotic resistance of erythrocytes. The method excludes the necessity of exerting force action on erythrocytes (centrifugation or propressure of erythrocytes through micropores of the filter). The method differs by simplicity and can be put into practice with the help of standard spectrophotometers. 
7.12	Time-lapse microscopy of living cells in vitro
O.V. Kvitko1, I.I. Koneva1, Ya.I. Sheiko1, S. V. Gloushen2, N.A. Balashenko1,2, A.S.Sapun1,2, S.E. Dromashko1
1Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Minsk, Belarus
2Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
Time-lapse microscopy of living cells (TLMLC) is intended for photographing cells and subcellular structures at discrete time intervals. This experimental approach allows studying the dynamics of different cellular events and insures an efficient data-mining in comparison with experiments using fixed (“dead”) cytological specimens.  Time periods of TLMLC experiments and their technical details are defined by the process under investigation. For monitoring intracellular events relatively short times (minutes – hours) are used, and fluorescent molecular analysis may be applied. However long periods of uninterrupted cell monitoring are necessary for analyzing such processes as formation of cell clones and changes of locomotor activity, shape and size of cells during ageing. In long-term experiments application of fluorescent imaging is problematic due to harmful effects on cells of dyes and excitation light. An important development in the methodology of long-term TLMLC is the application of automatically moving microscopic tables with appropriate software that permits “parallel” collecting of  cell images from many separate parts of  a growth surface (or wells of culture plates) and analysis of huge amount of images by computer clusters. This technique greatly enhances the possibilities of a simultaneous recording of many experimental variants and registration of rare events in cell populations.  

Conference “OTN4MLS-2010”                                                                     75	
Key to Authors

Abuhamad M., 23
Adzinets D., 68
Agabekov V.E., 24, 68
Agishev I.N., 61
Akrestina A.S., 61
Aksenov V.L., 20
Aleksiejuk M., 46
Al-Khowaiter S.H., 22
Al-Muhanna M.K., 22, 35
Al-Saud Turki S.M., 22
Anisimov D.O., 21
Anisimova A.E., 64
Artemiev V. M., 44
Asimov M.M., 54, 67
Asimov R.M., 54
Avdeev M.V., 20
Bae Y., 51
Bairak S., 68
Balashenko N.A., 75
Balmakov A., 46
Baran L.V., 65
Belkov M.V., 29, 63
Belous A.I., 25
Belyi V.N., 18, 22, 55
Bendjus B., 21
Bespalov V.G., 32
Bogdanovich M.V., 63
Boiko A.A., 24
Boller Ch., 17
Bolotine L., 41
Borodin M.V., 21
Bost W., 41
Burakov V.S., 29, 42, 63
Bushuk B.A., 52
Bushuk S.B., 52
Busko V.N., 32
Butsen A.V., 42
Catsalap K.Yu., 63
Chernyavskiі E.A., 74
Chichkov B.N., 37
Chizhik S.A., 38, 44
Cho Y.-J., 51
Choi E.-H., 51
Chudakouski P.J., 26, 59
Cikalova U., 21
D’Hallewin M.-A., 41
Denisevich A.P., 29
Detert H., 73
Didkovskii Ya.I., 58
Dlugunovich V.A., 24, 68
Dovgyallo A., 32
Dovnar D., 43
Drapeza A.I., 72
Dromashko F.E., 44
Dromashko S.E., 75
Drozd E.S., 38, 44
Dudley A. 30
Dushkin I.V., 36
Dzhagarov B.M., 52
Edelmann M., 27
Egorov A.I., 65
Engl G., 31
Erasmus R., 62
Ershov-Pavlov E.A., 24, 63
Fedosenko N.N., 57
Fedotova J., 25
Firago V.A., 64
Fischer B.  48
Forbes A., 28, 29, 30, 62
Fournelle M., 41
Funk Richard, 17
Füssel S., 49
Gavrilovich A.B., 59, 72
Gerich C.E., 49, 51
Glazov A.L., 19
Gloushen S.V.,75
Golubev N.V.,, 58
Gorbach D.V., 69
Gorelik A.V., 45, 64
Gorkunov E., 32
Gorodetsky A.A., 32
Gorsky E.V., 36
Govender M., 28, 29, 62
Grachev Ya.V., 32
Grimm O.M., 49
Grushevskaya H.V., 72
Gudelev V.G., 30, 47
Gulevich A.E., 28
Haist T., 37
Han T.-Y., 48
Harbachou D.L., 57, 66
Härtling Th., 22
Hrushevsky V.V., 72
Ivanova N.A., 68
Ivashkevich I.V., 59
Jung B., 50, 51
Kabanova L.A., 44
Kabashnikov V.P., 62
Kachalov D.G., 37
Kang D., 50
Kapleusky K.N., 53
Kargin Yu.F., 44, 61
Kaschke M., 27
Kasiuk J., 25
Kazak N.S., 18, 22, 23, 45, 52
Khakhomov S., 46
Khilo N.S., 21, 23, 30, 55
Khilo P.A., 55
Kim H. S., 50
Kim K.,40
Kim Y. G., 50
Kiris V.V., 29, 63
Kisel V.E., 28, 33
Kiselev R.V., 61
Kisteneva M.G., 61
Ko C.Y., 50
Koch E., 48
Kohan L.L., 44
Kohl Y., 41
Kokhanchik L.S., 21
Kolegov A.A., 44
Kolos V.V., 59
Komar A.А., 43
Komissarov I., 25
Kondratyuk N.V., 28, 33
Koneva I.I., 44, 75
Konoiko А.I., 69
Konstantinova A.F., 49
Koreniako S.A., 61, 65
Korolik A.K., 51
Kosmacheva T.G., 68
Kostrova L.N., 67
Kotlyar V.V., 35, 36
Kovalenko M.N., 58
Kovalev A.A., 36 
Kozik S.E., 38
Kozik V.V.,  21
Kozlov S.A., 32
Krakovsky V.A., 57
Kramoreva L.I., 70, 74
Krekoten N.A., 59
Kröning M., 31
Kruchenok J.V., 71, 73, 74
Krüger J.K., 19, 20
Krylova H.V., 65
Krylova N.G., 72
Kulahava T.A., 72
Kulak G.V., 46, 47, 64
Kuleshov N.V., 28, 33
Kurilkina S.N., 22
Kurilo G.I., 71, 73
Kurochkina М.А., 43
Kuznetsova S.A., 21
Kvitko O.V., 44, 75
Kwon K. W., 50
Labunov V.A., 25
Lapina V.A., 39, 40
Lee J.-S., 48
Lee M.-H., 40
Lee S., 40
Lee T. W., 50
Lemor R., 41
Leonov A.M., 61, 65
Lepeshkevich S.V., 52
Liashenka L.S., 53
Lipnevich I.V., 72
Logatskaya M.А., 71
Lotarev S.V., 58
Lukashevich M., 68
Mahilny U., 24, 56, 60
Makarov A.V., 32
Makarov E.A., 32
Maksimova I.A., 63
Malashkevich G.E., 58
Maly S.V., 56
Malygina I., 32
Marmysh D., 60
Marozik P.M., 67
Maschenko A.G., 23, 24
Matveeva A.G., 47
Melnikau D.G., 53
Melnikova Е.А., 43
Mezin A.V., 36
Miatselskaya N.S., 62
Miksyuk Yu.I., 43
Minko А.А., 58
Mitkovets A.I., 69
Mityurich G.S., 46
Mochalov K.E., 36
Mosse I.B., 67
Mudau A. E., 28
Mukhurov M.I., 23
Müller U., 19, 20
Muratikov K.L., 19
Muravsky A., 24
Mwakikunga B.W., 28, 29, 62
Myshkavets V.N., 57
Mаksimenka A.V., 57
Nabatov B.V., 49
Nalimov A.G., 36
Nanke R., 49
Nasonova N., 60
Nasonova V.A., 49
Naumenko E.K., 75
Naumov А.О., 44
Nedelko M.I., 42
Nelson J.S., 50
Nemkovich N.A., 51, 71, 73, 74
Netzelmann U., 23
Neva A.A., 42
Nikitjuk Y., 55
Nkosi S.S., 28
Novoselov E.A., 32
Ohnesorge B., 27
Oleinikov V.A., 36
Opitz J., 39, 49
Orekhovskaya T.I., 72
Osipov V.P., 37
Osten W., 37 
Pavelyev V.S., 37
Pechenkin A.Yu., 21
Petko M., 53
Petlitsky A.N., 59
Petrova E.S., 55, 70
Philipp M., 19, 20
Pilipenko V.A., 25
Pilipovich V.A.,69
Pivovarenko V.G., 73
Poddenezhny E.N., 24
Podgorodnichenko V.K., 52
Poklonskaya О.N., 58
Popov E.E., 57
Posledovich М.R., 58
Primak I.U., 26
Protasenya A.L., 33
Pugovkin A.V., 57
Pulko T., 60
Pyatlitski A.N., 25
Rahachou A.V., 57, 65, 66
Raikov S.N., 29, 63
Reddy K., 31
Reshetov V.A., 41
Robov M.O., 64
Rogachev A.A., 66
Romanov O.G., 69
Ropot P.I., 23, 30, 64
Rozhko Yu.I., 74
Roziev R.A., 52
Rubinov A.N., 54, 73
Rudnitski A.S., 56
Ryabcev G.I., 63
Ryu Y., 50
Ryzhevich A.A., 64, 70, 71
Safrankov P., 60
Salomon G., 51
Samtsov M.P., 53
Sanctuary R., 19, 20
Sapun A.S., 75
Savitski V.P., 71
Schreiber J., 20, 21, 30, 31, 40, 45, 48, 51
Schubert R., 48
Seifert G., 45
Semchenko I., 46
Semenkova G.N., 72
Seo D.H., 50
Serdyukov A.N., 46
Serebrennikov L.Ya., 21, 57
Sereda A., 55
Sergon M., 49
Shalupaev S., 55
Shaman Yu.P., 25
Shandarov S.M. 21, 44, 57, 61
Shapavalav P.S., 57
Sheiko Ya.I., 44, 75
Shikwambana L., 28, 29, 62
Shin B., 48
Shingaryov I.P., 59
Shkumatov V.M., 74
Shmakov S.S., 44
Shulitski B.G., 25, 65, 72
Sideras-Haddad E., 28, 29, 62
Sigaev V.N., 58
Simon U., 27
Sivun D.O., 61
Sizova E.V., 36
Smirnov A.G., 30, 32
Smirnov S.V., 61
Sobchuk A. N., 51, 71, 73, 74
Solonevich S.V., 64, 70, 71
Solvjev V.S., 39
Soskin M., 34
Sotsky A.B., 26
Stafeev S.S., 35
Stankevich A., 24, 56, 60, 61
Starovoitov V.S., 45, 64
Staskov N.I., 59
Stautmeister T., 48
Stietz F., 27
Sudnik A.V., 63
Sudnik Yu.M., 72
Szwedo M., 53
Tabulina L.V., 25
Tapalski D.V., 66
Tarasenko N.V., 42
Tatur M., 43, 68
Tick A.A., 57
Tolstik A.L., 43, 61, 69
Toma M., 49
Tomov A.V., 59
Trofimova A., 56
Troshin V.V., 36
Tsaruk A. V., 68
Tsaryuk O.V., 24
Uhl T., 53
Ulasevich A.L., 45, 64
Ushakova D.A., 67
Vasilyeu R., 30
Vengrinovich V.L., 32, 33
Volkov A.V., 39
Volodkin B.O., 39
Voropay E.S., 53
Voshchula I.V., 24
Warber M., 37
Weber M., 27
Wilhelmi B., 34
Willers N., 28
Wrobel N., 74
Yarmolenka M.A., 57, 66
Yatsukovich A.G., 29
Yushkevich U., 45
Zakharova M.M., 49
Zheleznyakova T.A., 71
Zhigulin D.V., 25
Zhuravleva V.I., 24
Zorin V.P., 41, 71
Zorina T.E., 41
Zwick S., 37